Civics 3rd Quarter Exam Review Fall 2023 Questions and
Answers
The problems caused by the ___________________ ____ _____________________
showed the Founders the need for a strong executive to respond to problems,
enforce laws, and carry out the acts of Congress.
~Articles of Confederation
The Founders did not want people to take a direct role in decision making and
wanted a strong ____________________ to hold the ______________________ in
check.
~Executive
~Legislature
Article II of the Constitution says that the executive power is given to a
_______________________, who has the power to execute laws, ________
legislation, command the military, and engage with foreign leaders.
~President
~Veto
Although the _________________ can make treaties with foreign nations and
appoint ambassadors and federal judges, these activities must be approved by
the ________________.
~President
~Senate
Over the years, presidents have enlarged their authority through claims of
_________________ _______________ not clearly expressed in the Constitution.
~Inherent powers
Congress and the courts may accept or limit a president's use of ____________
______________, and at times the Supreme Court has ruled those presidential
actions _________________________.
~Inherent power
~Unconstitutional
In times of _____________ or other crisis, presidents may use these powers to
deal with the difficulties.
~War
Presidents also claim the power of __________________ ___________________,
or the right to withhold from Congress or the courts information about
communications between the president and his advisers.
~Executive privilege
Presidents like to claim that, because they won the election, they have a
___________________ from the people to pursue their ideas and policies.
~Mandate
A significant safeguard against presidential abuse of power is the power of the
House and Senate to ________________ the president.
~Impeach
,The seven main roles of the president are head of state, chief
___________________, commander in chief, chief diplomat,
____________________ leader, economic planner, and party leader.
~Executive
~Legislative
*How did Thomas Jefferson, Abraham Lincoln, and Theodore Roosevelt each
increase the power and role of the president?
~Thomas Jefferson used inherent powers to purchase the Louisiana Territory from
France.
~Abraham Lincoln claimed inherent powers to do what was necessary to preserve the
union including suspending some rights guaranteed by the Constitution.
~Theodore Roosevelt used inherent powers in order to break up trusts and intervene in
labor disputes.
What is the overall task of the president as head of state?
As head of state, the president represents the nation and performs many ceremonial
roles.
What are three specific tasks the president must perform as head of state?
The president must receive Ambassadors and other public ministers. To fulfill that duty,
the president hosts such dignitaries as kings, queens, and heads of foreign
governments. President plays an important role in natural disasters. He represents the
nation by bringing comfort to victims of tragedy, he throws the first pitch at baseball
games, meets Olympic athletes, etc.
What is the overall task of the president as chief executive?
The president leads the executive branch of government that carries out the laws that
Congress passes and runs the programs Congress creates.
What does it mean to "faithfully execute" the laws?
When Congress passes a law, it is the presidents responsibility to put that law into
action. Congress cannot provide enough details in every law to explain exactly how it
should be implemented. He is to make practical decisions on how the laws are to be
implemented.
What officials does the president appoint?
2,200 top level federal officials who run executive branch, officials who share same
political beliefs, all federal judges (Justices of the Supreme Court).
How does the Senate limit the president's power to appoint?
It must be approved by Senate and must confirm many top-level appointments.
What are executive orders and what limits a president's use of them?
Executive orders do not need congressional approval. It is a rule issued by the
president that has the force of law. President is given broad limits by courts when it
comes to orders relating to foreign policy and the military. Executive order has to be
related to some power given to him by Constitution or Congress.
How did President Nixon's use of the power to impound funds lead to limits on
that power?
After President Nixon impounded huge sums for programs he opposed, groups that
would have benefited from the programs took Nixon to court. The court then ordered the
president to spend the appropriated money. Congress later passed legislation to
, prevent such large-scale impounding without congressional approval and strengthened
the budget authority of Congress.
Why would a person being punished for a federal crime prefer a pardon to a
reprieve?
A pardon releases a person from legal punishment while a reprieve postpones legal
punishment.
*How does the president's power as chief executive provide the opportunity to
shape implementation of laws passed by Congress and to affect court decisions
for years to come?
President appoints a lot of officials that run executive branch with Senate approval.
These individuals are going to share in his political beliefs. Therefore, they are likely
going to implement programs that the president wants implemented. He also appoints
judges (including justices from the Supreme Court which will be there for a long time).
This can affect court decisions by their beliefs.
In the role of _________________________ _____ _____________________ of the
United States armed forces, a president may use federal troops to control rioting
in American cities.
~Commander in chief
The role of commander in chief is limited because _____________________
retains the power to declare __________ and to provide the funds to pay for the
military.
~Congress
~War
In 1973 Congress passed the _____________________ ________________ ______
to limit the president's ability to make war without a declaration by Congress.
~War Powers Act
Although the president is a __________________________, in the role of
commander in chief, the president is responsible for key military decisions that
define military policy and strategy.
~Civilian
Because many "___________________ ____________________" activities are
classified, it may be difficult to hold public officials accountable.
~Shadow War
During a war, presidents often claim increased _______________ to protect the
nation.
~Power
The USA Patriot Act, passed by Congress after 9/11, gave the president and
executive branch increased powers to fight terrorism and protect
__________________ _______________________.
~National security
The Supreme Court has limited some presidential power to fight terrorism, such
as in the 2006 decision that rejected the use of _______________________
__________________ to put suspected terrorists on trial.
~Military tribunals
Answers
The problems caused by the ___________________ ____ _____________________
showed the Founders the need for a strong executive to respond to problems,
enforce laws, and carry out the acts of Congress.
~Articles of Confederation
The Founders did not want people to take a direct role in decision making and
wanted a strong ____________________ to hold the ______________________ in
check.
~Executive
~Legislature
Article II of the Constitution says that the executive power is given to a
_______________________, who has the power to execute laws, ________
legislation, command the military, and engage with foreign leaders.
~President
~Veto
Although the _________________ can make treaties with foreign nations and
appoint ambassadors and federal judges, these activities must be approved by
the ________________.
~President
~Senate
Over the years, presidents have enlarged their authority through claims of
_________________ _______________ not clearly expressed in the Constitution.
~Inherent powers
Congress and the courts may accept or limit a president's use of ____________
______________, and at times the Supreme Court has ruled those presidential
actions _________________________.
~Inherent power
~Unconstitutional
In times of _____________ or other crisis, presidents may use these powers to
deal with the difficulties.
~War
Presidents also claim the power of __________________ ___________________,
or the right to withhold from Congress or the courts information about
communications between the president and his advisers.
~Executive privilege
Presidents like to claim that, because they won the election, they have a
___________________ from the people to pursue their ideas and policies.
~Mandate
A significant safeguard against presidential abuse of power is the power of the
House and Senate to ________________ the president.
~Impeach
,The seven main roles of the president are head of state, chief
___________________, commander in chief, chief diplomat,
____________________ leader, economic planner, and party leader.
~Executive
~Legislative
*How did Thomas Jefferson, Abraham Lincoln, and Theodore Roosevelt each
increase the power and role of the president?
~Thomas Jefferson used inherent powers to purchase the Louisiana Territory from
France.
~Abraham Lincoln claimed inherent powers to do what was necessary to preserve the
union including suspending some rights guaranteed by the Constitution.
~Theodore Roosevelt used inherent powers in order to break up trusts and intervene in
labor disputes.
What is the overall task of the president as head of state?
As head of state, the president represents the nation and performs many ceremonial
roles.
What are three specific tasks the president must perform as head of state?
The president must receive Ambassadors and other public ministers. To fulfill that duty,
the president hosts such dignitaries as kings, queens, and heads of foreign
governments. President plays an important role in natural disasters. He represents the
nation by bringing comfort to victims of tragedy, he throws the first pitch at baseball
games, meets Olympic athletes, etc.
What is the overall task of the president as chief executive?
The president leads the executive branch of government that carries out the laws that
Congress passes and runs the programs Congress creates.
What does it mean to "faithfully execute" the laws?
When Congress passes a law, it is the presidents responsibility to put that law into
action. Congress cannot provide enough details in every law to explain exactly how it
should be implemented. He is to make practical decisions on how the laws are to be
implemented.
What officials does the president appoint?
2,200 top level federal officials who run executive branch, officials who share same
political beliefs, all federal judges (Justices of the Supreme Court).
How does the Senate limit the president's power to appoint?
It must be approved by Senate and must confirm many top-level appointments.
What are executive orders and what limits a president's use of them?
Executive orders do not need congressional approval. It is a rule issued by the
president that has the force of law. President is given broad limits by courts when it
comes to orders relating to foreign policy and the military. Executive order has to be
related to some power given to him by Constitution or Congress.
How did President Nixon's use of the power to impound funds lead to limits on
that power?
After President Nixon impounded huge sums for programs he opposed, groups that
would have benefited from the programs took Nixon to court. The court then ordered the
president to spend the appropriated money. Congress later passed legislation to
, prevent such large-scale impounding without congressional approval and strengthened
the budget authority of Congress.
Why would a person being punished for a federal crime prefer a pardon to a
reprieve?
A pardon releases a person from legal punishment while a reprieve postpones legal
punishment.
*How does the president's power as chief executive provide the opportunity to
shape implementation of laws passed by Congress and to affect court decisions
for years to come?
President appoints a lot of officials that run executive branch with Senate approval.
These individuals are going to share in his political beliefs. Therefore, they are likely
going to implement programs that the president wants implemented. He also appoints
judges (including justices from the Supreme Court which will be there for a long time).
This can affect court decisions by their beliefs.
In the role of _________________________ _____ _____________________ of the
United States armed forces, a president may use federal troops to control rioting
in American cities.
~Commander in chief
The role of commander in chief is limited because _____________________
retains the power to declare __________ and to provide the funds to pay for the
military.
~Congress
~War
In 1973 Congress passed the _____________________ ________________ ______
to limit the president's ability to make war without a declaration by Congress.
~War Powers Act
Although the president is a __________________________, in the role of
commander in chief, the president is responsible for key military decisions that
define military policy and strategy.
~Civilian
Because many "___________________ ____________________" activities are
classified, it may be difficult to hold public officials accountable.
~Shadow War
During a war, presidents often claim increased _______________ to protect the
nation.
~Power
The USA Patriot Act, passed by Congress after 9/11, gave the president and
executive branch increased powers to fight terrorism and protect
__________________ _______________________.
~National security
The Supreme Court has limited some presidential power to fight terrorism, such
as in the 2006 decision that rejected the use of _______________________
__________________ to put suspected terrorists on trial.
~Military tribunals
