ACCS – Pathology, Exam Review questions and answers, verified. Latest update.

ACCS – Pathology, Exam Review questions and answers, verified. Latest update. CXR of Emphysema - -- diminished marking - flattened diaphragms -hyperlucency - increased AP diameter treat Emphysema - -- in emergency treat with 100% FiO2 d/t impending hypoxic state - otherwise low flow O2 at home using oxygen conserving devices - bronchodilation meds via MDI or nebs - corticosteroids Emphysema ABG - -compensated respiratory acidosis CHF/ Pulmonary Edema CXR - --batwing/butterfly pattern, fluffy infiltrates CHF clinical evidence - --watch for increasing hemodynamics (PCWP, PAP, CAP) - Pink frothy secretions (marked congestion) - tachypnea, tachycardia, anxiety - edema of fluids (pedal edema) - +2 or +3 pitting edema - significant reduction in CO - cardiogenic vs non cardiogenic CHF - treatment - -- TREAT FAST - 100% FiO2 - diuretics (lasix) - NPPV - cardiac inotropic stimulating drugs (Dig if increased PCWP and PAP) - be prepared to MV Barrel chest, accessory muscle use, digital clubbing, wheezing and diminished BS - -Emphysema clinical evidence PFT Emphysema - -FEF 25-75$ and Fev1 decreased CHF ABG - -ventilatory failure with moderate to severe hypoxemia ARDS - -- a condition that result in significant decrease of lung compliance and profound hypoxemia Ards Clinical Evidence - -- rapid RR, cyanosis - decreased lung compliance - refractory hypoxemia - will have increased CPV and PAP chest xray - ground glass, granular, honeycomb, diffuse infiltrates - -ARDS ARDS tx - -- keep FiO2