Gerontology HESI test
The cleansing of the stomach with solution delivered through a nasogastric tube is known as what?
Gavage
Emesis
Lavage
Stomach pumping - correct answerLavage
Gastric lavage is used to cleanse the stomach of a poison, overdose of medication, or other toxic
substance. It is delivered through a nasogastric tube
You are providing care to a patient who has recently begun dialysis. Her daughter, with whom she lives
and who prepares many of her meals, asks what types of foods she should incorporate into her diet and
which she should avoid. Which of the following is NOT a food that this patient should be advised to
avoid?
Avocado.
Lean red meat.
Dried fruit.
Bananas. - correct answerLean red meat
Dialysis patients are encouraged to eat lean meat, including red meat. High quality proteins produce less
waste and help the body heal and maintain regular processes. Dialysis patients should avoid foods high
in potassium, including avocado, banana, and dried fruit, and should eat other potassium-containing
foods in moderation.
Your 89-year-old patient presents with dyspepsia and nausea. After testing, you determine she is
positive for Peptic Ulcer Disease. Of the following, which would LEAST likely be a differential diagnosis
for Peptic Ulcer Disease?
,Cholecystitis.
Migraines.
Gastric carcinoma.
Cardiovascular disease. - correct answerMigraines
Peptic Ulcer Disease is a gastrointestinal disorder. Other differential diagnoses of the condition are
pancreatitis and biliary tract disease.
There are a good many diseases affecting the elderly that are the result of smoking. Counseling
regarding smoking cessation is part of the GNP's job. The components of brief intervention for treating
tobacco use are:
Counsel, Document, Caution, Describe, Demonstrate
Advise, Confer, Describe, Document, Prescribe
Advise, Counsel, Intervene, Prescribe, Follow-up
Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist, Arrange - correct answerAsk, Advise, Assess, Assist, Arrange
Ask about tobacco use, Advise to quit, Assess willingness to make an attempt to quit, Assist in this quit
attempt. Arrange a follow-up.
Mrs. Frasier, an 50-year-old patient, presents with a mosquito bite that she is concerned about. How do
you diagnose this?
Cyst.
Bulla.
Wheal.
Plaques. - correct answerWheal
Cyst: encapsulated, fluid-filled mass that varies in size. Bulla: fluid-filled, elevated, circumscribed lesion
that's larger than 5mm. Wheal: circumscribed, reddening with transient elevation lesion that's 0.5 to
10mm diameter. Plaques: usually a grouping of papules; elevated and a variety of shapes; larger than
5mm.
,Which of the following groups should be tested for abdominal aortic aneurysm?
males aged 65-75 who have ever smoked
females aged 65-75 who have hypertension
males and females over 75
females over 75 - correct answermales aged 65-75 who have ever smoked
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is more prevalent in males than in females. The American Heart
Association recommends screening males once between ages 65-75 if they have ever smoked since that
increases the risk of AAA.
With a giardia lamblia diagnosis, the NP would MOST likely prescribe what medication?
Metronidazole.
Erythromycin.
Ampicillin.
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. - correct answerMetronidazole.
The preceding drugs are typically used in treating the following: - Campylobacter jejuni: Erythromycin -
Salmonella: Ampicillin - Shigella: Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole - Giardia lamblia: Metronidazole
A 65-year-old Caucasian male calls your office. He tells you he just came in from the woods and
discovered a tick on his upper right thigh. He reports self removal of the tick and now the area is slightly
red. What should you advise him to do?
He should come to the office for a ceftriaxone (Rocephin) injection.
He should be prescribed doxycycline.
He needs no treatment.
He needs a topical scrub to prevent Lyme Disease. - correct answerHe needs no treatment.
, To develop Lyme Disease from a tick bite, many factors must be present. The tick must belong to Ixodes
species and must have been attached for at least 48 hours before the disease can spread. There is no
need for prophylactic treatment in this case because the tick has not been present long enough.
As part of the treatment plan for your elderly patient, you recommend he see an Ophthalmologist. What
body part(s) will this doctor evaluate?
Brain / nerves.
Eyes.
Bones / Joints / Muscles.
Ears / Throat. - correct answerEyes
Neurologist - Brain / nerves Ophthalmologist - Eyes Orthopedist - Bones / Joints / Muscles
Otolaryngologist - Ears / Throat
As a GNP you understand that due to physiological changes of aging, some laboratory test results will
have age-related changes. Which of the following values would be the least likely to be affected?
red blood cell values
white blood cell counts
platelet range
hemoglobin values - correct answerplatelet range
Due to the physiological changes of aging, red blood cell values tend to decrease, white blood cell
counts tend to decrease slightly, hemoglobin values slightly decrease, but platelet range does not vary.
The family of a patient with dementia has asked you to tell them more about this condition. You would
tell them all of the following except:
Dementia is the leading reason for institutionalization of older adults.
The cleansing of the stomach with solution delivered through a nasogastric tube is known as what?
Gavage
Emesis
Lavage
Stomach pumping - correct answerLavage
Gastric lavage is used to cleanse the stomach of a poison, overdose of medication, or other toxic
substance. It is delivered through a nasogastric tube
You are providing care to a patient who has recently begun dialysis. Her daughter, with whom she lives
and who prepares many of her meals, asks what types of foods she should incorporate into her diet and
which she should avoid. Which of the following is NOT a food that this patient should be advised to
avoid?
Avocado.
Lean red meat.
Dried fruit.
Bananas. - correct answerLean red meat
Dialysis patients are encouraged to eat lean meat, including red meat. High quality proteins produce less
waste and help the body heal and maintain regular processes. Dialysis patients should avoid foods high
in potassium, including avocado, banana, and dried fruit, and should eat other potassium-containing
foods in moderation.
Your 89-year-old patient presents with dyspepsia and nausea. After testing, you determine she is
positive for Peptic Ulcer Disease. Of the following, which would LEAST likely be a differential diagnosis
for Peptic Ulcer Disease?
,Cholecystitis.
Migraines.
Gastric carcinoma.
Cardiovascular disease. - correct answerMigraines
Peptic Ulcer Disease is a gastrointestinal disorder. Other differential diagnoses of the condition are
pancreatitis and biliary tract disease.
There are a good many diseases affecting the elderly that are the result of smoking. Counseling
regarding smoking cessation is part of the GNP's job. The components of brief intervention for treating
tobacco use are:
Counsel, Document, Caution, Describe, Demonstrate
Advise, Confer, Describe, Document, Prescribe
Advise, Counsel, Intervene, Prescribe, Follow-up
Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist, Arrange - correct answerAsk, Advise, Assess, Assist, Arrange
Ask about tobacco use, Advise to quit, Assess willingness to make an attempt to quit, Assist in this quit
attempt. Arrange a follow-up.
Mrs. Frasier, an 50-year-old patient, presents with a mosquito bite that she is concerned about. How do
you diagnose this?
Cyst.
Bulla.
Wheal.
Plaques. - correct answerWheal
Cyst: encapsulated, fluid-filled mass that varies in size. Bulla: fluid-filled, elevated, circumscribed lesion
that's larger than 5mm. Wheal: circumscribed, reddening with transient elevation lesion that's 0.5 to
10mm diameter. Plaques: usually a grouping of papules; elevated and a variety of shapes; larger than
5mm.
,Which of the following groups should be tested for abdominal aortic aneurysm?
males aged 65-75 who have ever smoked
females aged 65-75 who have hypertension
males and females over 75
females over 75 - correct answermales aged 65-75 who have ever smoked
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is more prevalent in males than in females. The American Heart
Association recommends screening males once between ages 65-75 if they have ever smoked since that
increases the risk of AAA.
With a giardia lamblia diagnosis, the NP would MOST likely prescribe what medication?
Metronidazole.
Erythromycin.
Ampicillin.
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. - correct answerMetronidazole.
The preceding drugs are typically used in treating the following: - Campylobacter jejuni: Erythromycin -
Salmonella: Ampicillin - Shigella: Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole - Giardia lamblia: Metronidazole
A 65-year-old Caucasian male calls your office. He tells you he just came in from the woods and
discovered a tick on his upper right thigh. He reports self removal of the tick and now the area is slightly
red. What should you advise him to do?
He should come to the office for a ceftriaxone (Rocephin) injection.
He should be prescribed doxycycline.
He needs no treatment.
He needs a topical scrub to prevent Lyme Disease. - correct answerHe needs no treatment.
, To develop Lyme Disease from a tick bite, many factors must be present. The tick must belong to Ixodes
species and must have been attached for at least 48 hours before the disease can spread. There is no
need for prophylactic treatment in this case because the tick has not been present long enough.
As part of the treatment plan for your elderly patient, you recommend he see an Ophthalmologist. What
body part(s) will this doctor evaluate?
Brain / nerves.
Eyes.
Bones / Joints / Muscles.
Ears / Throat. - correct answerEyes
Neurologist - Brain / nerves Ophthalmologist - Eyes Orthopedist - Bones / Joints / Muscles
Otolaryngologist - Ears / Throat
As a GNP you understand that due to physiological changes of aging, some laboratory test results will
have age-related changes. Which of the following values would be the least likely to be affected?
red blood cell values
white blood cell counts
platelet range
hemoglobin values - correct answerplatelet range
Due to the physiological changes of aging, red blood cell values tend to decrease, white blood cell
counts tend to decrease slightly, hemoglobin values slightly decrease, but platelet range does not vary.
The family of a patient with dementia has asked you to tell them more about this condition. You would
tell them all of the following except:
Dementia is the leading reason for institutionalization of older adults.
