TESOL Questions and Answers Already
Passed
Stages of Second Language Development ✔✔Preproduction...Early Production...Speech
Emergent...Intermediate Fluency...Advanced Fluency
Preproduction ✔✔1 to 3 months...non verbal responses...activiely listens...responds to
commands...reluctant to speak...TEACHERS: use gestures, realia, pictures...do not force students
to speak
Early Production ✔✔1-2 word answers....mostly present tense verbs....TEACHERS: ask short
answer questions...yes/no...either/or
Speech Emergent ✔✔Several months to 1 year...participates in small group activities...short
phrases...some L1...grammar errors...TEACHERS: ask open ended questions...performance
based assessments
Intermediate Fluency ✔✔3-5 years...struggles with abstract, cognitively demanding subjects,
especially with literacy...few grammatical errors...TEACHERS: provide comprehensible &
interactive activities...teach thinking & study skills
, Advanced Fluency ✔✔5-7 yearss...developed content area vocabulary...participates in grade
level activities with minimal support...TEACHERS: continue to support students as necessary
Krashen's Natural Approach ✔✔focus on natural communication...speech will emerge...goal is
the learn BICS for everyday situations
BICS ✔✔Basic Interpersonal Communcation Skills...social & conversational language...2-3
years to understand social language..."recess talk"
Affective Filter ✔✔think of a car window...down: info passes through and students learn...up:
high level of anxiety, blocks info from reaching learner
Cummin's Iceberg Model ✔✔surface features to two languages (top of two separated
icebergs)...concepts are transferable from L1 to L2...CUP
Student Support Schema ✔✔4 quadrants of cognitive and lingusitc demands...TEACHERS: have
cognitively demanding tasks that are context embedded
Passed
Stages of Second Language Development ✔✔Preproduction...Early Production...Speech
Emergent...Intermediate Fluency...Advanced Fluency
Preproduction ✔✔1 to 3 months...non verbal responses...activiely listens...responds to
commands...reluctant to speak...TEACHERS: use gestures, realia, pictures...do not force students
to speak
Early Production ✔✔1-2 word answers....mostly present tense verbs....TEACHERS: ask short
answer questions...yes/no...either/or
Speech Emergent ✔✔Several months to 1 year...participates in small group activities...short
phrases...some L1...grammar errors...TEACHERS: ask open ended questions...performance
based assessments
Intermediate Fluency ✔✔3-5 years...struggles with abstract, cognitively demanding subjects,
especially with literacy...few grammatical errors...TEACHERS: provide comprehensible &
interactive activities...teach thinking & study skills
, Advanced Fluency ✔✔5-7 yearss...developed content area vocabulary...participates in grade
level activities with minimal support...TEACHERS: continue to support students as necessary
Krashen's Natural Approach ✔✔focus on natural communication...speech will emerge...goal is
the learn BICS for everyday situations
BICS ✔✔Basic Interpersonal Communcation Skills...social & conversational language...2-3
years to understand social language..."recess talk"
Affective Filter ✔✔think of a car window...down: info passes through and students learn...up:
high level of anxiety, blocks info from reaching learner
Cummin's Iceberg Model ✔✔surface features to two languages (top of two separated
icebergs)...concepts are transferable from L1 to L2...CUP
Student Support Schema ✔✔4 quadrants of cognitive and lingusitc demands...TEACHERS: have
cognitively demanding tasks that are context embedded
