ATI RN ADULT MEDICAL SURGICAL PROCTORED 2019 RETAKE EXAM WITH NGN QUESTIONS/A+ GRADE

3. A nurse is caring for a patient who has ingested a large amount of fluid and has a sodium level of 131 mEq/L. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? a Obtain a 12-Lead ECG. b Restrict oral and intravenous fluids c Suggest that the patient use a salt substitute. d Obtain a blood sample for a serum sodium level. 4. In teaching a patient about coronary artery disease, the nurse explains the the changes that occur in this disorder include: ( SATA) a. a diffuse involvement of plaque formation in the coronary veins b. abnormal levels of cholesterol, especially low-density lipoproteins c. accumulation of lipid and fibrous tissue within the coronary arteries d. development of angina due to a decreased blood supply to the heart muscle e. chronic vasoconstriction of coronary arteries leading to permanent vasospasm 5. A home health nurse is making a home visit to a patient who is receiving lactated Ringer’s IV solution for diarrhea. The nurse should be aware that lactated Ringer’s contraindicated in patients with: a. hypokalemia b. hypervolemia c. hyperkalemia d. hyponatremia 6. A nurse is reviewing the serum laboratory findings for a patient who has hypertension and is prescribed hydrochlorothiazide. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider? a. calcium 10 mg/dL b. chloride 99 mEq/L c. sodium 136 mEq/L d. Potassium 3.3 mEq/L 7. A nurse is performing an admission assessment on patient. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication that the patient is dehydrated? a. increased respiration b. low body temperature c. jugular vein distention d. Blood pressure 178/90mm Hg 8. A nurse is caring for a patient who has hypernatremia and requires IV fluid therapy due to his NPO status. Which of the following solutions should the nurse prepare to infuse for this patient? a. Lactated Ringer’s b. Dextrose 10% in water c. 0.45% sodium chloride d. Dextrose 5% in 0.9% sodium chloride 9. a patient is at risk for hypervolemia. For self-management at home, what does the nurse teach the patient to do? (SATA) a. Avoid high-sodium foods. b. monitor skin turgor and record daily. c. Call the provider if swelling or edema occurs. d. Drink at least 8 glasses of water a day to flush the kidneys. e. Notify the provider of a weight gain of 1 to 2 Ibs per day/5 Ibs or more in a week 10. a nurse is providing discharge teaching for a patient who has pulmonary edema and is about to start taking furosemide. Which instruction should the nurse include? a. Take the medication at bedtime. b. Take aspirin if headache develop. c. Eat foods that contain plenty of potassium. d. Expect some swelling in the hands and feet. 11. The nurse is caring for several older adult patients who are at risk for dehydration. Which task can be delegated to the unlicensed assistive personal (UAP)? a. Withhold fluids if patients are incontinent of bowel or bladder. b. Assess for and report any difficulties that patients are having in swallowing. c. Divide the total amount of fluids needed over a 24-hour period and record in the medical record. d. Stay with patient and provide assistance while they drink and note the exact amount ingested. 12. A nurse is describing the process by which blood is ejected into circulation as the chambers of the heart become smaller. The instructor categorizes this action of the heart as what? a. Systole b. Diastole c. Repolarization d. Ejection fraction 13. The nurse is caring for a client admitted with angina who is scheduled for cardiac catheterization. The client is anxious and asks the reason for this test. What is the best response? a. “Cardiac catheterization is usually done to assess how blocked or open a client’s coronary arteries are.” B. “Cardiac catheterization is most commonly done to detect how efficiently a patient’s heart muscle contracts.” c. “Cardiac catheterization is usually done to evaluate cardiovascular response to stress.” d. “Cardiac catheterization is most commonly done to evaluate cardiac electrical activity.” 14. A patient presents to the emergency department and reports vomiting and diarrhea for the past 48 hours. The nurse anticipates which fluid therapy initially? a. 0.9% sodium chloride b. Dextrose 10% in water c. 0.45% sodium chloride d. dextrose and 0.45% NS 15. 10. A postoperative patient with nasogastric tube that is attached to low suction has a change in condition. An arterial blood reveals the following: pH=7.50, PCO2= 39, HCO3=3.0. How would the nurse interpret these values? a. Metabolic acidosis b. Metabolic alkalosis c. Respiratory acidosis d. Respiratory alkalosis