Graduation thesis Supervisor: MSC.Nguyễn Bá Linh
DECLARATION
I hereby declare that the thesis on the topic" Accounting for revenue,
expenses and business result at Viet Nhat Food Joint Stock Company " is
my personal research in recent times. All data used in the analysis of the
thesis and the results of the study are that I self-study and analyze
objectively, honestly, have clear origins and have not been published in any
form. I assume full responsibility for any dishonesty in the information used
in this research work.
Ha Noi, May 25, 2020
Student
Nguyễn Thị Hải Yến
Student: Nguyễn Thị Hải Yến 1 CQ54/21CL.02
,Graduation thesis Supervisor: MSC.Nguyễn Bá Linh
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Through the learning process at Academy of Finance, thanks to the
enthusiastic instruction of the teachers in the academy, especially the teachers
in the Accounting Faculty, I was equipped with the most basic knowledge
about accounting majors. Combined with the internship time at Viet Nhat
Food Joint Stock Company, I had the opportunity to apply the knowledge I
learned to the practice of the job and successfully complete my graduation
thesis.
Because of the abundance and diversity of business as well as limited
internships and awareness, it is inevitable errors and defects in the
implementation of the thesis. I look forward to receiving the comments of the
teachers at Accounting faculty and all of the accounting department at Viet
Nhat Food Joint Stock Company so that my thesis will be better and better.
Thereby, I would like to thank the teachers of the Academy of Finance,
especially supervisor MSC.Nguyen Ba Linh, who kindly guided me to
complete this graduation thesis. I would like to thank the leaders of Viet Nhat
Food Joint Stock Company for their dedicated help, enabling me to complete
the topic during my internship at the company. Lastly, I would like to wish the
AOF’s Teachers, everybody in Viet Nhat Food Joint Stock Company good
health, wish the company a lot of success in business activities!
Thank you sincerely!
Nguyễn Thị Hải Yến
Student: Nguyễn Thị Hải Yến 2 CQ54/21CL.02
,Graduation thesis Supervisor: MSC.Nguyễn Bá Linh
TABLE OF CONTENTS
DECLARATION................................................................................................i
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT................................................................................ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS.................................................................................iii
LIST OF DIAGRAMS.....................................................................................ix
LIST OF TABLES.............................................................................................x
LIST OF PICTURES.......................................................................................xi
LIST OF ACRONYMS...................................................................................xii
INTRODUCTION.............................................................................................1
CHAPTER 1: GENERAL THEORY OF ACCOUNTING FOR REVENUE,
EXPENSES AND BUSINESS RESULTS IN ENTERPRISES........................4
1.1. GENERAL THEORY OF REVENUE, EXPENSES AND BUSINESS
RESULTS IN ENTERPRISES..........................................................................4
1.1.1. Importance of accounting for revenue and business result in
Enterprises.........................................................................................................4
1.1.2.The basics of revenue...............................................................................5
1.1.3.The basics of Expenses............................................................................9
1.1.4.The Basics of Business results...............................................................13
1.2.ACCOUNTING FOR REVENUE, EXPENSES AND BUSINESS
RESULTS IN ENTERPRISES........................................................................16
1.2.1 The accounting principles governing accounting for revenue, expenses
and business results in enterprises...................................................................16
1.2.2. Accounting for Revenue........................................................................17
1.2.3. Accounting for Expenses.......................................................................25
1.2.4. Accounting for Business results............................................................40
1.3. ORGANISATION OF BOOKKEEPING SYSTEMS FOR
REVENURE, EXPENSES AND BUSINESS RESULTS ACCOUNTING...43
1.3.1. General journal form of bookkeeping...................................................43
1.3.2. Voucher form of bookkeeping...............................................................45
1.3.3. Journal - Ledger form of bookkeeping..................................................47
Student: Nguyễn Thị Hải Yến 3 CQ54/21CL.02
, Graduation thesis Supervisor: MSC.Nguyễn Bá Linh
1.3.4. Journal – Vouchers form of bookkeeping..............................................49
1.4.ACCOUNTING FOR REVENUE, EXPENSES AND BUSINESS
RESULTS IN THE APPLICATION OF ACCOUNTING SOFTWARE........51
1.4.1. Principles and requirements for machine accounting organization......51
1.4.2. Steps to perform Accounting for revenue, expenses and business results
on accounting software...................................................................................52
CONCLUSION OF CHAPTER 1...................................................................54
CHAPTER 2: PRACTICAL SITUATION OF ACCOUNTING FOR
REVENUE, EXPENSES AND DETERMINE BUSINESS RESULTS AT
VIET NHAT FOOD JOINT STOCK COMPANY..........................................55
2.1. OVERVIEW OF VIET NHAT FOOD JOINT STOCK COMPANY.......55
2.1.1.The foundation and development of Viet Nhat Food joint stock
company..........................................................................................................55
2.1.2. Characteristics of business operation....................................................57
2.1.3. Characteristics of the organizing management mechanism in Viet Nhat
Food JSC.........................................................................................................60
2.1.4. Characteristics of organizing accounting system..................................62
2.2. PRACTICAL SITUATION OF ACCOUNTING FOR REVENUE,
EXPENSES AND BUSINESS RESULTS AT VIET NHAT FOOD JSC.......67
2.2.1. Practical situation of Accounting for Revenue at the company............67
2.2.2. Practical situation of Accounting for Expenses at the company...........78
2.2.3.Accounting for determining business results at Viet Nhat Food JSC....92
2.3. EVALUATION OF ACCOUNTING FOR REVENUE, EXPENSES AND
BUSINESS RESULTS AT THE COMPANY................................................102
2.3.1. Achievements......................................................................................102
2.3.2. Limitations and causes of Limitations................................................103
CONCLUSION OF CHAPTER 2.................................................................105
CHAPTER 3: SOLUTIONS TO IMPROVE ACCOUNTING FOR
REVENUE, EXPENSES AND BUSINESS RESULTS AT VIET NHAT
FOOD JSC....................................................................................................106
3.1. DEVELOPMENT ORIENTATION OF THE COMPANY....................106
Student: Nguyễn Thị Hải Yến 4 CQ54/21CL.02
DECLARATION
I hereby declare that the thesis on the topic" Accounting for revenue,
expenses and business result at Viet Nhat Food Joint Stock Company " is
my personal research in recent times. All data used in the analysis of the
thesis and the results of the study are that I self-study and analyze
objectively, honestly, have clear origins and have not been published in any
form. I assume full responsibility for any dishonesty in the information used
in this research work.
Ha Noi, May 25, 2020
Student
Nguyễn Thị Hải Yến
Student: Nguyễn Thị Hải Yến 1 CQ54/21CL.02
,Graduation thesis Supervisor: MSC.Nguyễn Bá Linh
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Through the learning process at Academy of Finance, thanks to the
enthusiastic instruction of the teachers in the academy, especially the teachers
in the Accounting Faculty, I was equipped with the most basic knowledge
about accounting majors. Combined with the internship time at Viet Nhat
Food Joint Stock Company, I had the opportunity to apply the knowledge I
learned to the practice of the job and successfully complete my graduation
thesis.
Because of the abundance and diversity of business as well as limited
internships and awareness, it is inevitable errors and defects in the
implementation of the thesis. I look forward to receiving the comments of the
teachers at Accounting faculty and all of the accounting department at Viet
Nhat Food Joint Stock Company so that my thesis will be better and better.
Thereby, I would like to thank the teachers of the Academy of Finance,
especially supervisor MSC.Nguyen Ba Linh, who kindly guided me to
complete this graduation thesis. I would like to thank the leaders of Viet Nhat
Food Joint Stock Company for their dedicated help, enabling me to complete
the topic during my internship at the company. Lastly, I would like to wish the
AOF’s Teachers, everybody in Viet Nhat Food Joint Stock Company good
health, wish the company a lot of success in business activities!
Thank you sincerely!
Nguyễn Thị Hải Yến
Student: Nguyễn Thị Hải Yến 2 CQ54/21CL.02
,Graduation thesis Supervisor: MSC.Nguyễn Bá Linh
TABLE OF CONTENTS
DECLARATION................................................................................................i
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT................................................................................ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS.................................................................................iii
LIST OF DIAGRAMS.....................................................................................ix
LIST OF TABLES.............................................................................................x
LIST OF PICTURES.......................................................................................xi
LIST OF ACRONYMS...................................................................................xii
INTRODUCTION.............................................................................................1
CHAPTER 1: GENERAL THEORY OF ACCOUNTING FOR REVENUE,
EXPENSES AND BUSINESS RESULTS IN ENTERPRISES........................4
1.1. GENERAL THEORY OF REVENUE, EXPENSES AND BUSINESS
RESULTS IN ENTERPRISES..........................................................................4
1.1.1. Importance of accounting for revenue and business result in
Enterprises.........................................................................................................4
1.1.2.The basics of revenue...............................................................................5
1.1.3.The basics of Expenses............................................................................9
1.1.4.The Basics of Business results...............................................................13
1.2.ACCOUNTING FOR REVENUE, EXPENSES AND BUSINESS
RESULTS IN ENTERPRISES........................................................................16
1.2.1 The accounting principles governing accounting for revenue, expenses
and business results in enterprises...................................................................16
1.2.2. Accounting for Revenue........................................................................17
1.2.3. Accounting for Expenses.......................................................................25
1.2.4. Accounting for Business results............................................................40
1.3. ORGANISATION OF BOOKKEEPING SYSTEMS FOR
REVENURE, EXPENSES AND BUSINESS RESULTS ACCOUNTING...43
1.3.1. General journal form of bookkeeping...................................................43
1.3.2. Voucher form of bookkeeping...............................................................45
1.3.3. Journal - Ledger form of bookkeeping..................................................47
Student: Nguyễn Thị Hải Yến 3 CQ54/21CL.02
, Graduation thesis Supervisor: MSC.Nguyễn Bá Linh
1.3.4. Journal – Vouchers form of bookkeeping..............................................49
1.4.ACCOUNTING FOR REVENUE, EXPENSES AND BUSINESS
RESULTS IN THE APPLICATION OF ACCOUNTING SOFTWARE........51
1.4.1. Principles and requirements for machine accounting organization......51
1.4.2. Steps to perform Accounting for revenue, expenses and business results
on accounting software...................................................................................52
CONCLUSION OF CHAPTER 1...................................................................54
CHAPTER 2: PRACTICAL SITUATION OF ACCOUNTING FOR
REVENUE, EXPENSES AND DETERMINE BUSINESS RESULTS AT
VIET NHAT FOOD JOINT STOCK COMPANY..........................................55
2.1. OVERVIEW OF VIET NHAT FOOD JOINT STOCK COMPANY.......55
2.1.1.The foundation and development of Viet Nhat Food joint stock
company..........................................................................................................55
2.1.2. Characteristics of business operation....................................................57
2.1.3. Characteristics of the organizing management mechanism in Viet Nhat
Food JSC.........................................................................................................60
2.1.4. Characteristics of organizing accounting system..................................62
2.2. PRACTICAL SITUATION OF ACCOUNTING FOR REVENUE,
EXPENSES AND BUSINESS RESULTS AT VIET NHAT FOOD JSC.......67
2.2.1. Practical situation of Accounting for Revenue at the company............67
2.2.2. Practical situation of Accounting for Expenses at the company...........78
2.2.3.Accounting for determining business results at Viet Nhat Food JSC....92
2.3. EVALUATION OF ACCOUNTING FOR REVENUE, EXPENSES AND
BUSINESS RESULTS AT THE COMPANY................................................102
2.3.1. Achievements......................................................................................102
2.3.2. Limitations and causes of Limitations................................................103
CONCLUSION OF CHAPTER 2.................................................................105
CHAPTER 3: SOLUTIONS TO IMPROVE ACCOUNTING FOR
REVENUE, EXPENSES AND BUSINESS RESULTS AT VIET NHAT
FOOD JSC....................................................................................................106
3.1. DEVELOPMENT ORIENTATION OF THE COMPANY....................106
Student: Nguyễn Thị Hải Yến 4 CQ54/21CL.02
