Nervous System Questions And Answers

Nervous System Questions And Answers dendrite - ANSWER- The part of the neuron that brings information to the cell body. axon - ANSWER- The part of the neuron that takes information away from the cell body synapse - ANSWER- The junction between two neurons 3 pounds or 1.4 kilograms - ANSWER- The weight of the adult human brain central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system - ANSWER- The two main divisions of the nervous system cerebral cortex - ANSWER- Area of the brain responsible for thought, language and planning corpus callosum - ANSWER- Connects the right and left hemispheres of the brain Phineas Gage - ANSWER- Name of the man who survived after an iron rod went through the frontal lobe of his brain in 1848 Alzheimer's disease - ANSWER- Memory loss, dementia, depression, social withdrawal; plaques and tangles epilepsy - ANSWER- Disease characterized as an electrical "brainstorm." narcolepsy - ANSWER- Excessive daytime sleepiness, cataplexy, sleep paralysis, hypnagogic hallucinations Lyme disease - ANSWER- Transmitted by ticks; joint pains, chills, fever and headache neuroscientist - ANSWER- General term for someone who studies the nervous system. MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) - ANSWER- Uses detection of radio frequency signals produced by displaced radio waves in a magnetic field. EEG (Electroencephalography) - ANSWER- Electrical activity of the brain recorded with scalp or brain electrodes. PET (Positron Emission Tomography) - ANSWER- Scanning method that detects radioactive material that is injected or inhaled to produce an image of the brain. CT scan (Computed Tomography Scan) - ANSWER- Brain scan that uses a series of X-ray beams passed through the head vision - ANSWER- Another name for the sense of sight. temporal lobe - ANSWER- Lobe of the brain important for hearing five basic tastes - ANSWER- Sour, sweet, salty, and bitter papillae - ANSWER- Chemoreceptors to detect chemicals In a solution retina - ANSWER- Location of photoreceptors in the eye. Neurons & neuroglia - ANSWER- The two cells of the nervous system synaptic knob - ANSWER- Part of the neuron that is the terminal end of the axon & contains neurotransmitters interneurons - ANSWER- Neurons found within in the spinal cord neuroglia (microglia) - ANSWER- Provides protection for neurons by phagocytosis neurolemma - ANSWER- Thin membrane found around the myelin sheath. Cerebrum is concerned with___________________ - ANSWER- higher mental functions This is the color of the center of the cerebrum. - ANSWER- white ventricles - ANSWER- Cavities of the brain Medulla, pons, midbrain - ANSWER- parts of the brain stem hypothalamus - ANSWER- Part of the brain that controls contractions & secretions of the stomach & intestines. shingles - ANSWER- Caused by the same virus that causes varicella Multiple sclerosis - ANSWER- Demyelinating disease Parkinson's disease - ANSWER- Absence of dopamine Brain attack - ANSWER- cerebrovascular accident spinal shock - ANSWER- Temporary loss of spinal cord reflexes cranial nerves - ANSWER- 12 pairs of nerves, including the acoustic nerve Cranial nerves attach to this structure________ - ANSWER- brainstem and other portions of the brain lumbar nerves - ANSWER- 5 pair of nerves There are ___ pairs of spinal nerves within the body. - ANSWER- 31 neurotransmitter - ANSWER- Trigger for a nerve impulse temporal lobe - ANSWER- Auditory area of the brain for hearing occipital lobe - ANSWER- Lobe of the brain important for sight hypothalamus - ANSWER- Controls hunger and thirst choroid layer - ANSWER- Dark blue pigment within the eyeball oval window - ANSWER- Opening in the wall of the tympanic cavity that leads to the inner ear. cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) - ANSWER- fills the ventricles and central canal; also bathes the outside of the brain and spinal cord. blood-brain batrrier - ANSWER- consists mainly of capillaries formed by tightly joined endothelial cells. This creates a semi-permeable membrane that blocks large molecules epidural space - ANSWER- lies between the outer covering of the spinal cord and the vertebrae. It contains a cushioning layer of fat as well as blood vessels and connective tissue. somatic reflexes - ANSWER- the contraction of a skeletal muscle after being stimulated by a somatic motor neuron cerebrum - ANSWER- largest portion of the brain. diencephalon - ANSWER- sits between the cerebrum and midbrain cerebellum - ANSWER- second largest region of the brain, responsible for movement and cordination. "ZOMBIE BRAIN" brainstem - ANSWER- made of the midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata gyri - ANSWER- thick ridges in brain sulci - ANSWER- shallow grooves in brain Trigeminal nerve - ANSWER- sense touch, temperature, and pan on the eye, fave, and teeth. Controls chewing and detects sensations in the lower jaw. Vagus Nerve - ANSWER- longest and most widely distributed crainial nerve. damage may cause impaired swallowing. A big problem with patients with heart problems straining to poop.