software engineering Questions and Answers |
Computer science 2023
1.What is the distinction between computer science and software engineering? -Answ-
Computer Science focuses on theory and fundamentals, whereas software engineering
is concerned with the practicalities and developing and delivering useful software.
2.What are the 3 general issues that affect many different types of software? -Answ-
Heterogeneity, Business and social change, and Security and trust
3.List 5 different types of software application. -Answ- Stand-alone applications,
Interactive transaction based applications, embedded control systems, Entertainment
systems and Data collection systems
4.List the 3 generic process models that are used in software engineering? -Answ- The
waterfall model, Incremental development, and Reuse oriented software engineering
5.What are the three benefits of incremental development, compared to the waterfall
model? -Answ- The cost of accommodating changing customer requirements is
reduced; It is easier to get customer feedback on the development work that has been
done; and More rapid delivery and development of useful software to the customer is
possible.
1.What are three important characteristics of extreme programming? -Answ- New
versions may be built several times per day; Increments are delivered to customers
every 2 weeks; and All tests must be run for every build and the build is only accepted if
tests run successfully.
2.What are the barriers to introducing agile methods into large companies? -Answ- It
can be difficult to keep the interest of customers who are involved in the process; Team
members may be unsuited to the intense involvement that characteristics agile
methods; Prioritizing changes can be difficult where there are multiple stakeholders;
Maintaining simplicity requires extra work; and Contacts may be a problem as with other
approaches to iterative development.
3.What should be included in a scenario? -Answ- A description of the starting situation;
A description of the normal flow of events; A description of what can go wrong;
Information about concurrent activities; and A description of the state when the scenario
finishes.
4.What is ethnography and how is it used in requirements elicitation? -Answ-
Ethnography is an observational technique where social scientists spends a period of
, time observing work and nothing how the participants carry out their tasks. It is
particularly useful in identifying essential cooperation in work processes.
5.What checks should be applied during requirements validation? -Answ- Validity;
Consistency; Completeness; Realism; and Verifiability
1.What UML diagram types may be used to represent the essential features of a
system? -Answ- Activity Diagrams; Use case diagrams; Sequences Diagrams; Class
Diagrams; and State Diagrams
How are activity diagrams used in describing the context of use of a system? -Answ-
Activity diagrams show the activities involved in a process or in data processing and the
flow of control between them.
What are the two ways in which an architectural model of a system may be used? -
Answ- As a way of facilitating discussion about the system design; and As way of
documenting an architecture that has been designed.
4. What is the most important advantage of a client-server architecture? -Answ- The
principal advantage of this model is that servers can be distributed across a network.
Generally functionality (e.g., a printing service) can be available to all clients and does
not need to be implemented by all services.
5. Briefly describe pipe and filter architecture? -Answ- The processing of data in a
system is organized so that each processing component (filter) is discrete and carries
out one type of data transformation. The data flows (as in a pipe) from one component
to another for processing.
1.What are the 5 key activities in an object-oriented design process? -Answ- Define
the context and modes of use of the system; Design the system architecture; Identify
the principal system objects; Develop design models; and Specify object interfaces.
Briefly describe 3 approaches that may be used to identify object classes? -Answ- Use
a grammatical approach based on a natural language description of the system (used in
Hood OOD method); Use a behavioral approach and identify objects based on what
participates in what behavior; and Use a scenario-¬based analysis. The objects,
attributes and methods in each scenario are identified.
3.What are the principal aims of software configuration management? -Answ- The aim
of configuration management is to support the system integration process so that all
developers can access the project code and documents in a controlled way, find out
what changes have been made, and compile and link components to create a system.
4. What are essential tools in a software development platform? -Answ- An integrated
compiler and syntax-¬directed editing system that allows you to create, edit and compile
code; A language debugging system; Graphical editing tools, such as tools to edit UML
Computer science 2023
1.What is the distinction between computer science and software engineering? -Answ-
Computer Science focuses on theory and fundamentals, whereas software engineering
is concerned with the practicalities and developing and delivering useful software.
2.What are the 3 general issues that affect many different types of software? -Answ-
Heterogeneity, Business and social change, and Security and trust
3.List 5 different types of software application. -Answ- Stand-alone applications,
Interactive transaction based applications, embedded control systems, Entertainment
systems and Data collection systems
4.List the 3 generic process models that are used in software engineering? -Answ- The
waterfall model, Incremental development, and Reuse oriented software engineering
5.What are the three benefits of incremental development, compared to the waterfall
model? -Answ- The cost of accommodating changing customer requirements is
reduced; It is easier to get customer feedback on the development work that has been
done; and More rapid delivery and development of useful software to the customer is
possible.
1.What are three important characteristics of extreme programming? -Answ- New
versions may be built several times per day; Increments are delivered to customers
every 2 weeks; and All tests must be run for every build and the build is only accepted if
tests run successfully.
2.What are the barriers to introducing agile methods into large companies? -Answ- It
can be difficult to keep the interest of customers who are involved in the process; Team
members may be unsuited to the intense involvement that characteristics agile
methods; Prioritizing changes can be difficult where there are multiple stakeholders;
Maintaining simplicity requires extra work; and Contacts may be a problem as with other
approaches to iterative development.
3.What should be included in a scenario? -Answ- A description of the starting situation;
A description of the normal flow of events; A description of what can go wrong;
Information about concurrent activities; and A description of the state when the scenario
finishes.
4.What is ethnography and how is it used in requirements elicitation? -Answ-
Ethnography is an observational technique where social scientists spends a period of
, time observing work and nothing how the participants carry out their tasks. It is
particularly useful in identifying essential cooperation in work processes.
5.What checks should be applied during requirements validation? -Answ- Validity;
Consistency; Completeness; Realism; and Verifiability
1.What UML diagram types may be used to represent the essential features of a
system? -Answ- Activity Diagrams; Use case diagrams; Sequences Diagrams; Class
Diagrams; and State Diagrams
How are activity diagrams used in describing the context of use of a system? -Answ-
Activity diagrams show the activities involved in a process or in data processing and the
flow of control between them.
What are the two ways in which an architectural model of a system may be used? -
Answ- As a way of facilitating discussion about the system design; and As way of
documenting an architecture that has been designed.
4. What is the most important advantage of a client-server architecture? -Answ- The
principal advantage of this model is that servers can be distributed across a network.
Generally functionality (e.g., a printing service) can be available to all clients and does
not need to be implemented by all services.
5. Briefly describe pipe and filter architecture? -Answ- The processing of data in a
system is organized so that each processing component (filter) is discrete and carries
out one type of data transformation. The data flows (as in a pipe) from one component
to another for processing.
1.What are the 5 key activities in an object-oriented design process? -Answ- Define
the context and modes of use of the system; Design the system architecture; Identify
the principal system objects; Develop design models; and Specify object interfaces.
Briefly describe 3 approaches that may be used to identify object classes? -Answ- Use
a grammatical approach based on a natural language description of the system (used in
Hood OOD method); Use a behavioral approach and identify objects based on what
participates in what behavior; and Use a scenario-¬based analysis. The objects,
attributes and methods in each scenario are identified.
3.What are the principal aims of software configuration management? -Answ- The aim
of configuration management is to support the system integration process so that all
developers can access the project code and documents in a controlled way, find out
what changes have been made, and compile and link components to create a system.
4. What are essential tools in a software development platform? -Answ- An integrated
compiler and syntax-¬directed editing system that allows you to create, edit and compile
code; A language debugging system; Graphical editing tools, such as tools to edit UML
