answer_key_to_exam_1_homeostasis__endocrine__blood

HOMEOSTASIS CH1 What is Homeostasis? Internal balance in body compare the two regulation systems Autoregulation (intrinsic) – the system itself is doing the job Extrinsic – need outside help from nervous system or endocrine system What are the two feedback systems? Positive and negative Which of these reverses the change on a controlled condition? negative Which strengthens the change in a controlled condition? positive Examples of Feedback systems Positive? Blood clotting, labor contractions Negative? BP, soluble ions, temp, ect.. Think anything of the bodies mechanisms that are regulated What are the three basic components? Receptor, CC, effector Function of each component? Receptor- monitors for changes Control Center- sets range/decide effect Effector- produce effects ENDOCRINE SYSTEM CH16 Compare and contrast the actions of the endocrine system and the nervous system Same- use chemicals, part of extrinsic homeostatic regulations Different- Only endocrine Only NS Communication type Hormones Neurotransmitters Target Target cells Any cell pretty much Response time Slow, minutes Quick, within seconds Range of effect Widespread Localized Duration of response Long lasting Short term What is paracrine communication? Chemicals between cells of one tissue What is autocrines? Same cells What part of the brain has both neural functions and releases hormones? Hypothalamus What are the two major hormone structures? Amino Acids, steroids Compare AA and steroids Amino Acid Steroid Structure Protein Lipid Solubility Water soluble Lipid soluble Size Smaller Big and bulky Circulation Freely circulating Bound to transport protein communication Second messenger Direct gene activation What are the mechanisms of hormone action? (5 of them) Alter plasma permeability Stimulate protein synthesis De/activate enzyme systems Induce secretory activity(think anterior pituitary) Stimulate mitosis How are hormones released and synthesized? • Hormonal stimulation: A gland cell releases its hormone when some other hormone binds to it • Humoral stimulation: A gland cell releases its hormone when there is a certain change in levels of a nutrient or ion in the blood • Nervous stimulation: A gland cell releases its hormone when a neuron stimulates it ....................................................continued.......................................................