TExES Life Science 7-12 Certification
Exam (2022/2023) with Certified
Solutions
Quantitative observations ✔✔Observations that can be measured
Number, length, mass, volume, etc
Qualitative observations ✔✔Observations that cannot be measured
Color, shape, texture, etc
Hypothesis ✔✔A testable proposition that scientists can use as the basis for an investigation
If it cannot be tested scientifically, then it is not a hypothesis
Propose an explaination of observed natural phenomenon
Mathematical biology ✔✔Rooted in multifaceted mathematical models inspired by complex
biological processes
Theoretical biology ✔✔Develops and uses data from the mathematical models to develop
theoretical assessments of biological processes
,What is the first law of thermodynamics state? ✔✔That energy cannot be created nor destroyed,
it can only be transferred
How are scientific laws distinguished from facts? ✔✔By their durability (or ability to stay
constant over time)
Facts are the observations themselves, they are never considered final proof
Scientific laws are a generalized description of natural phenomena over time based on multiple
observations
Cell theory ✔✔States that all living things are made up of cells
Cells can only come from other cells
Robert Hooke used a microscope to identify, describe, and name cells
Germ theory ✔✔Microorganisms, "germs", were found everywhere and contributed to both food
spoilage and disease
Work of Louis Pasteur
Confirmed the cell theory that cells only come from other cells
,What are the driving forces of evolution? ✔✔Descent with modification and natural selection
Work of Charles Darwin
Structure of genetic material: ✔✔Hershey and Chase - initially confirmed that DNA comprises
the genetic material of cells
Watson and Crick - revealed that the structure of DNA is a double helix (based off the work of
Franklin)
Carl Linnaeus ✔✔Developed the hierarchal system
Grouped species into seven levels (kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species)
Carl Woese ✔✔Modified Linnaeus' hierarchal system
Redrew the taxonomic tree, added "domain" to the top of the classification system
Precision ✔✔Refers to how close repeated values are to one another
(On a target, all the holes are right next to each other)
Accuracy ✔✔Refers to how close a measured value is to the true value
, (On a target, all of the holes are within the same ring)
What are the seven SI units? ✔✔Meter, kilogram, second, ampere, kelvin, candela, and mole
What are significant figures? ✔✔The non zero numbers, the zeros between them, and the final
zero
Linear scale ✔✔Shows equal values using equal divisions
Waves or mechanical motion
Logarithmic scale ✔✔Nonlinear , units are written in powers of 10
Richter scale, entropy, and the decibel unit used to measure sound
Crucibles ✔✔When heating things at very high temperatures, this is the best thing to use because
they are resistant to the high temperatures
What composes the nucleus of an atom? ✔✔Protons - positively charged
Neutrons - neutrally charged
Exam (2022/2023) with Certified
Solutions
Quantitative observations ✔✔Observations that can be measured
Number, length, mass, volume, etc
Qualitative observations ✔✔Observations that cannot be measured
Color, shape, texture, etc
Hypothesis ✔✔A testable proposition that scientists can use as the basis for an investigation
If it cannot be tested scientifically, then it is not a hypothesis
Propose an explaination of observed natural phenomenon
Mathematical biology ✔✔Rooted in multifaceted mathematical models inspired by complex
biological processes
Theoretical biology ✔✔Develops and uses data from the mathematical models to develop
theoretical assessments of biological processes
,What is the first law of thermodynamics state? ✔✔That energy cannot be created nor destroyed,
it can only be transferred
How are scientific laws distinguished from facts? ✔✔By their durability (or ability to stay
constant over time)
Facts are the observations themselves, they are never considered final proof
Scientific laws are a generalized description of natural phenomena over time based on multiple
observations
Cell theory ✔✔States that all living things are made up of cells
Cells can only come from other cells
Robert Hooke used a microscope to identify, describe, and name cells
Germ theory ✔✔Microorganisms, "germs", were found everywhere and contributed to both food
spoilage and disease
Work of Louis Pasteur
Confirmed the cell theory that cells only come from other cells
,What are the driving forces of evolution? ✔✔Descent with modification and natural selection
Work of Charles Darwin
Structure of genetic material: ✔✔Hershey and Chase - initially confirmed that DNA comprises
the genetic material of cells
Watson and Crick - revealed that the structure of DNA is a double helix (based off the work of
Franklin)
Carl Linnaeus ✔✔Developed the hierarchal system
Grouped species into seven levels (kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species)
Carl Woese ✔✔Modified Linnaeus' hierarchal system
Redrew the taxonomic tree, added "domain" to the top of the classification system
Precision ✔✔Refers to how close repeated values are to one another
(On a target, all the holes are right next to each other)
Accuracy ✔✔Refers to how close a measured value is to the true value
, (On a target, all of the holes are within the same ring)
What are the seven SI units? ✔✔Meter, kilogram, second, ampere, kelvin, candela, and mole
What are significant figures? ✔✔The non zero numbers, the zeros between them, and the final
zero
Linear scale ✔✔Shows equal values using equal divisions
Waves or mechanical motion
Logarithmic scale ✔✔Nonlinear , units are written in powers of 10
Richter scale, entropy, and the decibel unit used to measure sound
Crucibles ✔✔When heating things at very high temperatures, this is the best thing to use because
they are resistant to the high temperatures
What composes the nucleus of an atom? ✔✔Protons - positively charged
Neutrons - neutrally charged
