TExES Core Subjects 4-8 (211) Exam
Review (English Language Arts and
Reading Already Passed
Language acquisition ✔✔the combination of innate ability, imitation of what is said and heard,
and multiple environmental influences
Language Acquisition Device (LAD) ✔✔coined by Noam Chomsky, was the belief humans
possess an "internal grammar"
Imitation ✔✔provides young learners with the opportunity to begin producing language by
observing and replicating their caregiver's phrases and words
decreases in effectiveness as language learning becomes more complex
6 Components of Any Given Language ✔✔phonology, morphology, syntax, lexicon, semantics,
and pragmatics
Phonology ✔✔study of the sound system of a language
,Phonemes ✔✔basic units of sound
Graphemes ✔✔individual letters
Morphology ✔✔study of the structure of words and word formations
Morphemes ✔✔the smallest representation of meaning
Ex: "cars" is made up of two morphemes: the root word "car" and the plural morpheme "s"
Syntax ✔✔the way words are organized and arranged in a language
Lexicon ✔✔the vocabulary of a language
Semantics ✔✔the way the meaning of a word is conveyed in a language through the use of its
vocabulary
connotation and denotation are used to convey meaning
, Connotation ✔✔the implied meaning of words and ideas
Denotation ✔✔the literal meaning of words and ideas
Pragmatics ✔✔how context can affect the interpretation of communication
"common sense rules"
Intelligible ✔✔the ability to be understood
Ebonics ✔✔a language variation used by some African-American children
"slang"
Boston dialect ✔✔a language variation where speakers drop the /r/ after a vowel
The Speaking Checklist ✔✔1. sticks to the topic
Review (English Language Arts and
Reading Already Passed
Language acquisition ✔✔the combination of innate ability, imitation of what is said and heard,
and multiple environmental influences
Language Acquisition Device (LAD) ✔✔coined by Noam Chomsky, was the belief humans
possess an "internal grammar"
Imitation ✔✔provides young learners with the opportunity to begin producing language by
observing and replicating their caregiver's phrases and words
decreases in effectiveness as language learning becomes more complex
6 Components of Any Given Language ✔✔phonology, morphology, syntax, lexicon, semantics,
and pragmatics
Phonology ✔✔study of the sound system of a language
,Phonemes ✔✔basic units of sound
Graphemes ✔✔individual letters
Morphology ✔✔study of the structure of words and word formations
Morphemes ✔✔the smallest representation of meaning
Ex: "cars" is made up of two morphemes: the root word "car" and the plural morpheme "s"
Syntax ✔✔the way words are organized and arranged in a language
Lexicon ✔✔the vocabulary of a language
Semantics ✔✔the way the meaning of a word is conveyed in a language through the use of its
vocabulary
connotation and denotation are used to convey meaning
, Connotation ✔✔the implied meaning of words and ideas
Denotation ✔✔the literal meaning of words and ideas
Pragmatics ✔✔how context can affect the interpretation of communication
"common sense rules"
Intelligible ✔✔the ability to be understood
Ebonics ✔✔a language variation used by some African-American children
"slang"
Boston dialect ✔✔a language variation where speakers drop the /r/ after a vowel
The Speaking Checklist ✔✔1. sticks to the topic
