PHARM NURS 210 Final Exam 4 Practice Questions and Answers Latest Update 2023/2024 | Graded A+

PHARM NURS 210 Final Exam 4 Practice Questions and Answers Latest Update 2023/2024 | Graded A+. Which nursing intervention has the highest priority for the patient who is taking cefepime? a. Wait until culture results are received before initiating antibiotic b. Monitor patient for s/s of superinfection c. Administer IV over 2 hours to prevent phlebitis d. Instruct the patient to take the drug for 5 days only Answer: B Rationale: Superinfection is a common adverse effect of antibiotics. The nurse should culture the infected area before initiating antibiotics and may begin drug therapy before culture results are received. IV cephalosporins should be administered over 30 to 45 minutes, not 2 hours. Cephalosporins are usually given 10 days for a full regimen. 2) A patient enters the emergency department with a draining wound. Once the patient is admitted and assessed, the priority nursing intervention is to: a. Administer the ordered antibiotics b. Teach the patient about the ordered antibiotics c. Culture the wound d. Enforce droplet isolation precautions Answer: C Rationale: The priority nursing intervention is to obtain a culture and antibiotic sensitivity testing of infective organism (C&S). 3) Which statement will the nurse include when teaching a patient about cephalosporin therapy? a. “avoid ingesting buttermilk or yogurt when taking this medication” b. “stop taking the medication when you feel better” c. “immediately stop taking the medication if you develop nausea” d. “inform your MD if you develop mouth ulcers” Answer: D Rationale: The patient should be instructed to report signs of superinfection, such as mouth ulcers or discharge from the anal or genital area. Ingestion of buttermilk or yogurt may prevent superinfection of the intestinal flora; the entire course of the medication should be taken; and the medication should be taken with food if nausea develops. 4) A patient asks the nurse why she gets yeast infections after a course of antibiotics. The nurse explains, a. “The antibiotics lower your WBC count” b. “People are poorly nourished and hydrated after an infection” c. “Yeast infections happen if the antibiotic is not taken for the full course” d. “Yeast infections are common when the normal body flora are disrupted” Answer: D Rationale: The patient should be advised to ingest buttermilk or yogurt to prevent this superinfection of the body's normal flora. 5) A patient is admitted to the health care facility with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The nurse anticipates administration of which drug? a. Nafcillin (Nallpen) b. Vancomycin (Vancocin) c. Aztreonam (Azactam) d. Piperacillin-tazobactam (Zosyn) Answer: B Rationale: The treatment of choice for MRSA is vancomycin (Vancocin). 6) Which teaching by the nurse has the highest priority for the patient taking azithromycin (Zithromax)? a. Instruct the patient to use sunblock and protective clothing during sun exposure b. Instruct the patient to store drug out of light and extreme heat c. Inform patient that children younger than 8 years should not take the drug, to avoid tooth discoloration d. Instruct the patient to report any loose stools or diarrhea Answer: D Rationale: The patient should be instructed to report loose stools or diarrhea because of possible pseudomembranous colitis. Photosensitivity during sun exposure is common with tetracyclines, which should not be given to children younger than 8 years; the drugs are affected by light and extreme heat. 7) Which statement by a patient who has received teaching on tetracycline therapy indicates that more teaching is indicated? a. “I will store the medication away from light and extreme heat” b. “I will use an additional contraceptive technique because this drug may cause the oral contraceptive I take to be less effective” c. “I will take this medication with an antacid” d. “If my stomach becomes upset when taking this medication, I will take it with non-dairy foods” Answer: C Rationale: Patients taking tetracycline therapy should avoid milk products, iron, and antacids. The medication should be stored away from light and extreme heat. Tetracycline can decrease the effectiveness of oral contraceptives. 8) A patient is ordered to receive vancomycin (Vancocin) for a severe infection. It is most important for the nurse to assess the patient for the development of: a. Neurotoxicity b. Hepatotoxicity c. Ototoxicity d. Cardiotoxicity Answer: C Rationale: Vancomycin may cause nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity. Ototoxicity results in damage to the auditory or vestibular branch of cranial nerve VIII. Such damage can result in permanent hearing loss (auditory branch) or temporary or permanent loss of balance (vestibular branch). 9) A patient is receiving gentamicin therapy: 100 mg IV at 0800, 1600, and 2400. At 0730, the nurse is informed that peak and trough levels need to be drawn. When is the best time to obtain the peak level? a. 0800 b. 0900 c. 1600 d. 2330 Answer: B Rationale: Blood should be drawn 45 to 60 minutes after drug has been administered for peak levels and minutes before next drug dosing for trough levels. 10) When teaching a patient about trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ), the nurse gives highest priority to teaching the patient to: a. Increase fluid intake b. Report signs of ringing in the ears or loss of hearing c. Expect the color of their urine to change to a reddish orange d. Take this drug with dairy products or antacids to protect the stomach Answer: A Rationale: Fluid intake should be increased to at least 2000 mL/day when taking sulfonamides to prevent crystalluria. Ototoxicity is not a common adverse effect of sulfonamides. The urine will not change colors. Dairy products or antacids should not be taken at the same time as sulfonamides because they decrease absorption. 11) A patient has been prescribed trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ). The nurse realizes that this drug is most likely used to treat which condition? a. Gonorrhea b. Rickettsial infection c. Chlamydial infection d. Urinary tract infection Answer: D Rationale: TMP-SMZ is used to treat urinary tract infections, otitis media, bronchitis, pneumonia, rheumatic fever, and burns. It does not treat gonorrhea, rickettsial or chlamydial infections. 12) A patient is ordered to receive cotrimoxazol/TMP-SMZ (Bactrim). This medication is a combination of two medications that are: a. Antagonistic b. Additive c. Synergistic d. Contraindicated Answer: C Rationale: A synergistic effect results in increasing the desired drug response.