Chapter 25: Care of Patients with Skin Problems (Test Bank Medical Surgical Nursing 9th Edition Ignatavicius Workman)

Test Bank Medical Surgical Nursing 9th Edition Ignatavicius Workman MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. A nurse teaches a client who has very dry skin. Which statement should the nurse include in this clients education? a. Use lots of moisturizer several times a day to minimize dryness. b. Take a cold shower instead of soaking in the bathtub. c. Use antimicrobial soap to avoid infection of cracked skin. d. After you bathe, put lotion on before your skin is totally dry. ANS: D The client should bathe in warm water for at least 20 minutes and then apply lotion immediately because this will keep the moisture in the skin. Just using moisturizer will not be as helpful because the moisturizer is not what rehydrates the skin; it is the water. Bathing in warm water will rehydrate skin more effectively than a cold shower, and antimicrobial soaps are actually more drying than other kinds of soap. DIF: Applying/Application REF: 448 KEY: Hygiene| skin breakdown MSC: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning NOT: Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity: Basic Care and Comfort 2. A nurse assesses clients on a medical-surgical unit. Which client is at greatest risk for pressure ulcer development? a. A 44-year-old prescribed IV antibiotics for pneumonia b. A 26-year-old who is bedridden with a fractured leg c. A 65-year-old with hemi-paralysis and incontinence d. A 78-year-old requiring assistance to ambulate with a walker ANS: C Being immobile and being incontinent are two significant risk factors for the development of pressure ulcers. The client with pneumonia does not have specific risk factors. The young client who has a fractured leg and the client who needs assistance with ambulation might be at moderate risk if they do not move about much, but having two risk factors makes the 65-year-old the person at highest risk. DIF: Applying/Application REF: 451 KEY: Skin breakdown| Braden Scale MSC: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Assessment NOT: Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity: Reduction of Risk Potential 3. When transferring a client into a chair, a nurse notices that the pressure-relieving mattress overlay has deep imprints of the clients buttocks, heels, and scapulae. Which action should the nurse take next? a. Turn the mattress overlay to the opposite side. b. Do nothing because this is an expected occurrence. c. Apply a different pressure-relieving device. d. Reinforce the overlay with extra cushions.