Bates' Guide to Physical Examination Chapter 6

Bates' Guide to Physical Examination Chapter 6 Xerosis - ANSWER abnormally dry skin Pruritus - ANSWER severe itching of the skin Telangiectasis - ANSWER chronic dilatation of the capillaries and other small blood vessels. Hypertrichosis - ANSWER - excessive growth of hair Plaque - ANSWER - elevated, firm, rough lesions with flat top surface greater than 1 cm in diameter (psoriasis, seborrheic and actinic keratoses) Macule - ANSWER - small, flat spot up to 1 cm, nonpalpabale lesions with change in skin color Papule - ANSWER - An elevated, firm, circumscribed area; less than 1 cm in diameter (wart, elevated moles) Wheal - ANSWER - Elevated, irregular-shaped area of cutaneous edema; solid, transient, variable diameter. Ex.-Insect bites, urticaria, allergic reaction Urticaria - ANSWER The most unusual aspect of this condition is that the lesions "move" from place to place. Itchy rash which is raised and appears and disappears in various locations. Each lesion lasts for many minutes Lichenification - ANSWER - Rough, thickened epidermis secondary to persistent rubbing, itching, or skin irritation; often involves flexor surface of extremity; Ex.-Chronic dermatitis Patch - ANSWER - A flat spot 1cm or larger, nonpalpable, irregularly shaped macule greater than 1 cm in diameter. Ex.-Vitiligo, port-wine stains, Mongolian spots, café au lait patch Pustule - ANSWER - Elevated, superficial lesion; similar to a vesicle but filled with purulent fluid. Ex.-Impetigo, acne Fissure - ANSWER - Linear crack or break from the epidermis to the dermis; may be moist or dry. Ex.-Athlete's foot, cracks at the corner of the mouth