BIOS 1300 Final Exam 2023 Questions and Answers with
complete solution
at which of the indicated points do the inactivation gates of the voltage gated Na+
channels close?
Point c
what is the name of the connective tissue sheath that surrounds each fascicle in
a nerve?
Perineurium
the film terminal is composed of _____ and extends from _____
Pia mater; the end of the conus medullaris to the end of the lumbar cistern
an agonist is a drug tht activates a receptor, basically mimicking the receptors
natural ligand. what would be the effect of a high dose of a GABA agonist?
Sleepy-by time
what are the somas of first order afferent neurons located?
dorsal root ganglia
which portion of the graph below can be explained by the influx of chloride ions?
none. Cl- influx does not normally occur during an action potential
if a neurons functional class is sensory, what will its structural class most likely
be?
pseudounipolar
where are the somas of interneurons located?
brain and spinal cord
what is not a result of increased sympathetic tone?
increased release of enzymes by the stomach
which of the following are the G protein coupled receptor?
1. a-adrenergic receptor
2. b-adrenergic receptor
3. Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor
what is the result of decussation
contralateral signaling pathways
the ciliary ganglia are found directly posterior to the eyeballs. what kind of
ganglia are they?
terminal ganglia
which of the following metabolic processes produces the most energy from
glucose?
aerobic respiration
cerebrospinal fluid would be found in all of the following places
1. the subarachnoid space
2. in the central canal of the spinal cord
3. cerebral aqueduct
4. lumbar cistern
the vagus nerve contains 90% of all the parasympathetic nerve fibers in the
human body?
false
, which of the following cells assist the proper operation of neurons in the CNS by
assuring an adequate supply and balance of ions in the extracellular fluid?
astrocyte
Regarding the baroflex, an increase in blood pressure causes an increase in
parasympathetic tone. This results in increased release of acetylcholine to the
cardiac cells, slowing the heart rate. At the same time, sympathetic tone
decreases, which results in a decrease in the release of norepinephrine to the
cardiac cells and also results in vasodilation.
true
What is the primary way that the signal is terminated in a serotonergic synapse?
reuptake of serotonin by transporters in the presynaptic membrane
As you are nearly complete with a long hard semester, your body begins to relax
and take care of some of the normal physiological house-keeping tasks it needs
to perform during periods of rest. Which term BEST (most specifically) describes
the part of your nervous system that is activated during this relaxation:
parasympathetic nervous system
Which division of the peripheral nervous system is directly responsible for
directly controlling the motility of the small intestine?
enteric
Which of the following neurotransmitters is NOT broken down by monoamine
oxidase?
acetylcholine
Diffusion of a substance across the cell membrane is influenced by all of the
following,
1. molecule size
2. lipid solubility
3. whether or not the substance is an ion
4. concentration gradient
Which of the following is TRUE regarding gene expression?
a gene in DNA is use to make mRNA, and then the ribosome uses the mRNA to make a
polypeptide
What do gamma motor neurons innervate?
intrafusal muscle fibers
What would be the effect of a drug that binds to the Na+ leak channels of a
neuron and causes them to close?
It would make the neuron less sensitive to excitatory signals
Where in the human body are the somas of lower motor neurons found?
the ventral horn of the spinal cord
Which of the following is TRUE regarding saltatory conduction of an action
potential?
It is much faster than continuous conduction because it can "jump" down the axon.
Which of the following cells helps maintain the health of the CNS by eating cell
debris and any pathogens that may get in?
microglia
In muscle spindles, graded potentials in the sensory neurons are initiated by the
activation of _______.
complete solution
at which of the indicated points do the inactivation gates of the voltage gated Na+
channels close?
Point c
what is the name of the connective tissue sheath that surrounds each fascicle in
a nerve?
Perineurium
the film terminal is composed of _____ and extends from _____
Pia mater; the end of the conus medullaris to the end of the lumbar cistern
an agonist is a drug tht activates a receptor, basically mimicking the receptors
natural ligand. what would be the effect of a high dose of a GABA agonist?
Sleepy-by time
what are the somas of first order afferent neurons located?
dorsal root ganglia
which portion of the graph below can be explained by the influx of chloride ions?
none. Cl- influx does not normally occur during an action potential
if a neurons functional class is sensory, what will its structural class most likely
be?
pseudounipolar
where are the somas of interneurons located?
brain and spinal cord
what is not a result of increased sympathetic tone?
increased release of enzymes by the stomach
which of the following are the G protein coupled receptor?
1. a-adrenergic receptor
2. b-adrenergic receptor
3. Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor
what is the result of decussation
contralateral signaling pathways
the ciliary ganglia are found directly posterior to the eyeballs. what kind of
ganglia are they?
terminal ganglia
which of the following metabolic processes produces the most energy from
glucose?
aerobic respiration
cerebrospinal fluid would be found in all of the following places
1. the subarachnoid space
2. in the central canal of the spinal cord
3. cerebral aqueduct
4. lumbar cistern
the vagus nerve contains 90% of all the parasympathetic nerve fibers in the
human body?
false
, which of the following cells assist the proper operation of neurons in the CNS by
assuring an adequate supply and balance of ions in the extracellular fluid?
astrocyte
Regarding the baroflex, an increase in blood pressure causes an increase in
parasympathetic tone. This results in increased release of acetylcholine to the
cardiac cells, slowing the heart rate. At the same time, sympathetic tone
decreases, which results in a decrease in the release of norepinephrine to the
cardiac cells and also results in vasodilation.
true
What is the primary way that the signal is terminated in a serotonergic synapse?
reuptake of serotonin by transporters in the presynaptic membrane
As you are nearly complete with a long hard semester, your body begins to relax
and take care of some of the normal physiological house-keeping tasks it needs
to perform during periods of rest. Which term BEST (most specifically) describes
the part of your nervous system that is activated during this relaxation:
parasympathetic nervous system
Which division of the peripheral nervous system is directly responsible for
directly controlling the motility of the small intestine?
enteric
Which of the following neurotransmitters is NOT broken down by monoamine
oxidase?
acetylcholine
Diffusion of a substance across the cell membrane is influenced by all of the
following,
1. molecule size
2. lipid solubility
3. whether or not the substance is an ion
4. concentration gradient
Which of the following is TRUE regarding gene expression?
a gene in DNA is use to make mRNA, and then the ribosome uses the mRNA to make a
polypeptide
What do gamma motor neurons innervate?
intrafusal muscle fibers
What would be the effect of a drug that binds to the Na+ leak channels of a
neuron and causes them to close?
It would make the neuron less sensitive to excitatory signals
Where in the human body are the somas of lower motor neurons found?
the ventral horn of the spinal cord
Which of the following is TRUE regarding saltatory conduction of an action
potential?
It is much faster than continuous conduction because it can "jump" down the axon.
Which of the following cells helps maintain the health of the CNS by eating cell
debris and any pathogens that may get in?
microglia
In muscle spindles, graded potentials in the sensory neurons are initiated by the
activation of _______.
