Pediatrics Practice Questions
1. Which best describes a full-thickness (third-degree) burn?
a. Erythema and pain
b. Skin showing erythema followed by blister formation
c. Destruction of all layers of skin evident with extension into subcutaneous tissue
d. Destruction injury involving underlying structures such as muscle, fascia, and bone
2. A child is admitted with extensive burns. The nurse notes that there are burns on the child’s
lips and singed nasal hairs. The nurse should suspect that the child has a(n):
a. chemical burn
b. inhalation injury.
c. electrical burn.
d. hot-water scald.
3. A child has been admitted to the pediatric unit with a severe asthma attack. What types of acid
base imbalance should the nurse expect the child to develop?
a. Metabolic alkalosis caused by excessive production of acid metabolites
b. Respiratory alkalosis caused by accelerated respirations and loss of carbon dioxide
c. Respiratory acidosis caused by impaired respirations and increased formation of
carbonic acid
d. Metabolic acidosis caused by the kidneys' inability to compensate for increased
carbonic acid formation
4. A premature infant with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) receives artificial surfactant.
How does the nurse explain surfactant therapy to the parents?
a. “Surfactant improves the ability of your baby’s lungs to exchange oxygen and carbon
dioxide.”
b. “The drug keeps your baby from requiring too much sedation.”
c. “Surfactant is used to reduce episodes of periodic apnea.”
d. “Your baby needs this medication to fight a possible respiratory tract infection.”
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, 5. Congenital heart defects have traditionally been divided into acyanotic or cyanotic defects.
Based on the nurse’s knowledge of congenital heart defects, this system in clinical practice is:
a. helpful, because it explains the hemodynamics involved.
b. helpful, because children with cyanotic defects are easily identified.
c. problematic, because cyanosis is rarely present in children.
d. problematic, because children with acyanotic heart defects may develop cyanosis
6. Surgical repair for patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is done to prevent the complication of:
a. pulmonary infection
b. right-to-left shunt of blood.
c. decreased workload on left side of heart.
d. increased pulmonary vascular congestion.
7. What is an early sign of congestive heart failure that the nurse should recognize?
a. Tachypnea
b. Bradycardia
c. Inability to sweat
d. Increased urinary output
8. What is an important nursing responsibility when a dysrhythmia is suspected?
a. Order an immediate electrocardiogram.
b. Count the radial pulse every 1 minute for five times.
c. Count the apical pulse for 1 full minute, and compare the rate with the radial pulse rate
d. Have someone else take the radial pulse simultaneously with the apical pulse.
9. A diagnosis of rheumatic fever is being ruled out for a child. Which lab test(s) is/are the most
reliable? (Select all that apply.)
a. Throat culture
b. C-reactive protein (CRP)
c. Antistreptolysin-O titer (ASO) titer
d. Elevated white blood count (WBC)
e. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
This study source was downloaded by 100000869267694 from CourseHero.com on 07-31-2023 07:26:10 GMT -05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/119185333/Pediatrics-Practice-Questionsdocx/
1. Which best describes a full-thickness (third-degree) burn?
a. Erythema and pain
b. Skin showing erythema followed by blister formation
c. Destruction of all layers of skin evident with extension into subcutaneous tissue
d. Destruction injury involving underlying structures such as muscle, fascia, and bone
2. A child is admitted with extensive burns. The nurse notes that there are burns on the child’s
lips and singed nasal hairs. The nurse should suspect that the child has a(n):
a. chemical burn
b. inhalation injury.
c. electrical burn.
d. hot-water scald.
3. A child has been admitted to the pediatric unit with a severe asthma attack. What types of acid
base imbalance should the nurse expect the child to develop?
a. Metabolic alkalosis caused by excessive production of acid metabolites
b. Respiratory alkalosis caused by accelerated respirations and loss of carbon dioxide
c. Respiratory acidosis caused by impaired respirations and increased formation of
carbonic acid
d. Metabolic acidosis caused by the kidneys' inability to compensate for increased
carbonic acid formation
4. A premature infant with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) receives artificial surfactant.
How does the nurse explain surfactant therapy to the parents?
a. “Surfactant improves the ability of your baby’s lungs to exchange oxygen and carbon
dioxide.”
b. “The drug keeps your baby from requiring too much sedation.”
c. “Surfactant is used to reduce episodes of periodic apnea.”
d. “Your baby needs this medication to fight a possible respiratory tract infection.”
This study source was downloaded by 100000869267694 from CourseHero.com on 07-31-2023 07:26:10 GMT -05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/119185333/Pediatrics-Practice-Questionsdocx/
, 5. Congenital heart defects have traditionally been divided into acyanotic or cyanotic defects.
Based on the nurse’s knowledge of congenital heart defects, this system in clinical practice is:
a. helpful, because it explains the hemodynamics involved.
b. helpful, because children with cyanotic defects are easily identified.
c. problematic, because cyanosis is rarely present in children.
d. problematic, because children with acyanotic heart defects may develop cyanosis
6. Surgical repair for patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is done to prevent the complication of:
a. pulmonary infection
b. right-to-left shunt of blood.
c. decreased workload on left side of heart.
d. increased pulmonary vascular congestion.
7. What is an early sign of congestive heart failure that the nurse should recognize?
a. Tachypnea
b. Bradycardia
c. Inability to sweat
d. Increased urinary output
8. What is an important nursing responsibility when a dysrhythmia is suspected?
a. Order an immediate electrocardiogram.
b. Count the radial pulse every 1 minute for five times.
c. Count the apical pulse for 1 full minute, and compare the rate with the radial pulse rate
d. Have someone else take the radial pulse simultaneously with the apical pulse.
9. A diagnosis of rheumatic fever is being ruled out for a child. Which lab test(s) is/are the most
reliable? (Select all that apply.)
a. Throat culture
b. C-reactive protein (CRP)
c. Antistreptolysin-O titer (ASO) titer
d. Elevated white blood count (WBC)
e. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
This study source was downloaded by 100000869267694 from CourseHero.com on 07-31-2023 07:26:10 GMT -05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/119185333/Pediatrics-Practice-Questionsdocx/
