ELAR 391 Exam Study Guide with complete solution
Universal Screener
A type of pre instruction activity to gather data on all students- typically for grouping
purposes
Diagnostic Assessment
A pre-assessment used to identify specific strengths and weaknesses
Informal Assessments
Assessments that happen throughout instruction. They are flexible and can be
performed in a variety of ways. Ex: obeservation, whiteboard activities, signals etc.
Formal Assessment
Assessments that are planned and include some form of grading criteria. Ex: quizzes,
tests, projects, writing assignments etc.
Formative Assessment
Guide instruction and to check progress toward a particular objective
Summative Assessment
Test/ summarize mastery after instruction
Criterion Referenced Assessments
Compare students to a set standard (percentage)
Norm-referenced Assessments
compare students to each other and rank them on performance( percentiles)
What should stakeholders know about assessments?
what was assessed
why it was assessed
how it was assessed
what the performance of the assessment indicates
Keep the audience in mind
Running Records (Oral Fluency Test or Miscue Annalysis)
the action of making notes of error/behaviors when students are reading
Miscues
the errors/ behaviors noted during a running record to help guide future instruction
What are Common Miscues?
Repetition, pauses, self correction, substitution, insertion, omission
What are the type of reading levels?
Independent, Instructional, and Frustrational
Independent Reading Level
student can read and comprehend independently with 95 percent accuracy
Instructional Reading Level
student is challenged but can manage with help. Student is able to read with 90- 94
percent accuracy
5 finger rule
help determine readability
1. student finds a book
2. pick a random page
, 3. read the page and hold up a finger for each unknown word
A good book is around 2-3 fingers
Ways to test phonics and word analysis skills
- Nonsense Assessment- read fake words
-Connected Text- read sentences related (book)
3. Word List- read words alone
Ways to assess reading comprehension
- retell what happened
- answer questions
- writing analysis
Types of comprehension
Literal, Inferential, and Evaluative
6 Ways to teach self and peer assessments
- rubric
- start specific on one topic
- read out loud
- keep portfolio
- reflect on teacher comments
- edit in small groups
Rubric
scoring guide
common criteria on writing is idea clarity, organization, voice, word choice, sentence
fluency and conventions
Literature Circles
small book club (discussing what was read)
small groups
2-4 students working on assignments/ discussion
Workshops
concept/skill focused stations
Reading Centers
workshop but only for reading concepts (comprehension, fluency,vocab etc.)
Multi aged groups
working with students from other grade level
Think-Pair-Share
students work with a partner to talk over and evaluate a topic
Homogeneous groups
similar best to focus on a skill
Heterogenous groups
differences best for collaboration
Language acquisition
the process of learning a language
Phonemes
smallest single sound in a word
Phonetics
sounds of human speech how its produced (general)
Universal Screener
A type of pre instruction activity to gather data on all students- typically for grouping
purposes
Diagnostic Assessment
A pre-assessment used to identify specific strengths and weaknesses
Informal Assessments
Assessments that happen throughout instruction. They are flexible and can be
performed in a variety of ways. Ex: obeservation, whiteboard activities, signals etc.
Formal Assessment
Assessments that are planned and include some form of grading criteria. Ex: quizzes,
tests, projects, writing assignments etc.
Formative Assessment
Guide instruction and to check progress toward a particular objective
Summative Assessment
Test/ summarize mastery after instruction
Criterion Referenced Assessments
Compare students to a set standard (percentage)
Norm-referenced Assessments
compare students to each other and rank them on performance( percentiles)
What should stakeholders know about assessments?
what was assessed
why it was assessed
how it was assessed
what the performance of the assessment indicates
Keep the audience in mind
Running Records (Oral Fluency Test or Miscue Annalysis)
the action of making notes of error/behaviors when students are reading
Miscues
the errors/ behaviors noted during a running record to help guide future instruction
What are Common Miscues?
Repetition, pauses, self correction, substitution, insertion, omission
What are the type of reading levels?
Independent, Instructional, and Frustrational
Independent Reading Level
student can read and comprehend independently with 95 percent accuracy
Instructional Reading Level
student is challenged but can manage with help. Student is able to read with 90- 94
percent accuracy
5 finger rule
help determine readability
1. student finds a book
2. pick a random page
, 3. read the page and hold up a finger for each unknown word
A good book is around 2-3 fingers
Ways to test phonics and word analysis skills
- Nonsense Assessment- read fake words
-Connected Text- read sentences related (book)
3. Word List- read words alone
Ways to assess reading comprehension
- retell what happened
- answer questions
- writing analysis
Types of comprehension
Literal, Inferential, and Evaluative
6 Ways to teach self and peer assessments
- rubric
- start specific on one topic
- read out loud
- keep portfolio
- reflect on teacher comments
- edit in small groups
Rubric
scoring guide
common criteria on writing is idea clarity, organization, voice, word choice, sentence
fluency and conventions
Literature Circles
small book club (discussing what was read)
small groups
2-4 students working on assignments/ discussion
Workshops
concept/skill focused stations
Reading Centers
workshop but only for reading concepts (comprehension, fluency,vocab etc.)
Multi aged groups
working with students from other grade level
Think-Pair-Share
students work with a partner to talk over and evaluate a topic
Homogeneous groups
similar best to focus on a skill
Heterogenous groups
differences best for collaboration
Language acquisition
the process of learning a language
Phonemes
smallest single sound in a word
Phonetics
sounds of human speech how its produced (general)
