18.
GENERAL RINCIPLES AND PROCE SSES OF
ISoLATION OF ELEMENTS Metalluqy
Metal reacbuury re
ccunance ofmetals:(Eauth's Cust) k
Highy
Ma tachu
Ca Mort
Combined stabe Pauty frre state Fee state/ ach
mo tach u &
Naiue Statt.
moderakly cachu metals least achiuw
metals Zn Mode rak
Machw
k. t ,,20,Pb 6. Ha, Cu -Ag, AuFe
Pb
H
Cu
Jome Terms of MetalluMGy rtachiu
oMineTal
Ore Least
Pt achuu
Gangue/ Matix
Au
Fu
SLag
Metalgy
Mineral, A natutaly Occing Jolid substanes io he an
eaxms Hust
)
metallic ai w e l a j non - metalic elerneny.
Contoining both
Ore A Oti a mineral from ohich metas aHe exhracked
Bcon omícally oo profitaby and convienienty. 1here e al oe aue
mineraly but aUl minerals tannot be 07cs Most of ors Contain mekal
aMouaed wihb O
kxamplas o* os of difkxent metal:
(aIro Haematite FeO3
Magnatit 04
Siderite FecOs
Fe Sa
I7on pyMtu
, ASSMALe
Date.
Page
()Atuminíum auxite At,Og.2 H,0
Na, Al
Cngolie
Aumina Al,Os
(Zinc Zine Blendar
Calamine ZncO3
Zincite ZnO
Lead Galena Pb
ecoppe Coppe pyites CuFeS
Coppet Glance CuS
Cuprite CuO
Malachie CuCOg.CuOH),
Gaunge /Mabin
Tt an unwantd Tocpy and tanthy impurihes anocialed with
CSiea) h
k. Si0, ack as chief gauge in Haematitt. ( F03)
Feo is a chiet gauge Cuppr pyrisCu Pe S
p of gaunge
(aA cidic gounge: Non- melalli c Oxicly.
Eq SiO
6)baic Caunge Metallic oxiclw
t . Feo
FaLn:A un ir usect ko-
A chemi ca Ab stance added dwing exrachon emouL the
aAL
THpes of fu
Acidic :
CbBasicu Eg Cao, RoMgo.
Noke Basie ux s wed o emoe acidic qaunge anod acidic tux
taed to cmoue bosic 9Ong
, Page
Exrachn of
k o Cao Fe.
(6aic (au dic Casi03
u) gang (Staq)
Exrachon of
Sio Feo Fe SiO
(h. tax) Cu.tom
age) Cufeo
Slaq: 1H a
Gqhtusable 3uhstarce obtained by mn b/o ux and
gaunge Eq AS Shouwn aboue.
fa techniau/procuy
Metalluwgy:I a branch of Chemist h a t deals with stteof
exachm o mtkals {ron thei7 0vt by otuowing vaious Steps
Gene val Seps involued in Metalltgy oo Gene ral SFeps of erhrachon 0f
metal
Enich ment of 0re
Conenaion of Ore. (O Dresing of Ove. on Benefacion of ore
Conyersion oF Concentated oye
no Oxlde om
By Roastioq o Calcination.
Reducion of Oxice oe/meta. o qe Crude meta.
Civpuiicahon oo
janingof Crude metal to get 95 98/ puemekal.
o pmneiple of
Exbachan o f Metals may involue hgu temperature
Soluhons.
elechoysis (on may be erhatd om queous
the toouwing tems aHe U ed.
based on Aboue prnciplu
ProcE of exhachon of Metads at high fempeyakue
(Pyrometall usq
Ccalled as Pykro metallungy
Fe, Pb, Cr, (mo desotcy
veackh)
Zn
Cb)Erecometallumg Proce ok extiachon o meba by pn0apu oF
ecroytic called as lecomeaileng y
9 tigbly veactiuw metals
Na,k,Ca,Ma.A
ccHydyorne tauluigy
i PoCe% ok ex hach on o melals om aaueous olo of oge.
Eg. Aq, Au, ,AL.
GENERAL RINCIPLES AND PROCE SSES OF
ISoLATION OF ELEMENTS Metalluqy
Metal reacbuury re
ccunance ofmetals:(Eauth's Cust) k
Highy
Ma tachu
Ca Mort
Combined stabe Pauty frre state Fee state/ ach
mo tach u &
Naiue Statt.
moderakly cachu metals least achiuw
metals Zn Mode rak
Machw
k. t ,,20,Pb 6. Ha, Cu -Ag, AuFe
Pb
H
Cu
Jome Terms of MetalluMGy rtachiu
oMineTal
Ore Least
Pt achuu
Gangue/ Matix
Au
Fu
SLag
Metalgy
Mineral, A natutaly Occing Jolid substanes io he an
eaxms Hust
)
metallic ai w e l a j non - metalic elerneny.
Contoining both
Ore A Oti a mineral from ohich metas aHe exhracked
Bcon omícally oo profitaby and convienienty. 1here e al oe aue
mineraly but aUl minerals tannot be 07cs Most of ors Contain mekal
aMouaed wihb O
kxamplas o* os of difkxent metal:
(aIro Haematite FeO3
Magnatit 04
Siderite FecOs
Fe Sa
I7on pyMtu
, ASSMALe
Date.
Page
()Atuminíum auxite At,Og.2 H,0
Na, Al
Cngolie
Aumina Al,Os
(Zinc Zine Blendar
Calamine ZncO3
Zincite ZnO
Lead Galena Pb
ecoppe Coppe pyites CuFeS
Coppet Glance CuS
Cuprite CuO
Malachie CuCOg.CuOH),
Gaunge /Mabin
Tt an unwantd Tocpy and tanthy impurihes anocialed with
CSiea) h
k. Si0, ack as chief gauge in Haematitt. ( F03)
Feo is a chiet gauge Cuppr pyrisCu Pe S
p of gaunge
(aA cidic gounge: Non- melalli c Oxicly.
Eq SiO
6)baic Caunge Metallic oxiclw
t . Feo
FaLn:A un ir usect ko-
A chemi ca Ab stance added dwing exrachon emouL the
aAL
THpes of fu
Acidic :
CbBasicu Eg Cao, RoMgo.
Noke Basie ux s wed o emoe acidic qaunge anod acidic tux
taed to cmoue bosic 9Ong
, Page
Exrachn of
k o Cao Fe.
(6aic (au dic Casi03
u) gang (Staq)
Exrachon of
Sio Feo Fe SiO
(h. tax) Cu.tom
age) Cufeo
Slaq: 1H a
Gqhtusable 3uhstarce obtained by mn b/o ux and
gaunge Eq AS Shouwn aboue.
fa techniau/procuy
Metalluwgy:I a branch of Chemist h a t deals with stteof
exachm o mtkals {ron thei7 0vt by otuowing vaious Steps
Gene val Seps involued in Metalltgy oo Gene ral SFeps of erhrachon 0f
metal
Enich ment of 0re
Conenaion of Ore. (O Dresing of Ove. on Benefacion of ore
Conyersion oF Concentated oye
no Oxlde om
By Roastioq o Calcination.
Reducion of Oxice oe/meta. o qe Crude meta.
Civpuiicahon oo
janingof Crude metal to get 95 98/ puemekal.
o pmneiple of
Exbachan o f Metals may involue hgu temperature
Soluhons.
elechoysis (on may be erhatd om queous
the toouwing tems aHe U ed.
based on Aboue prnciplu
ProcE of exhachon of Metads at high fempeyakue
(Pyrometall usq
Ccalled as Pykro metallungy
Fe, Pb, Cr, (mo desotcy
veackh)
Zn
Cb)Erecometallumg Proce ok extiachon o meba by pn0apu oF
ecroytic called as lecomeaileng y
9 tigbly veactiuw metals
Na,k,Ca,Ma.A
ccHydyorne tauluigy
i PoCe% ok ex hach on o melals om aaueous olo of oge.
Eg. Aq, Au, ,AL.
