LCDC Exam Keely answered rated A+ 2023
Entheogens
Shamanic drugs used during shamanic or spiritual rituals and as tools for studying the
mind
Psychoactive substance disorder
a pattern of substance use led to problems, damage, distress 12 months
substance abuse disorder
abusing drug, medication side effect, exposure to a toxin.
Substance intoxication or withdrawal
Behavorial, Psychological, Physiological symptoms due to effects of the substance.
Could cause substance induced delirium, dementia, psychosis, mood disorder, anxiety
disorder, sexual dysfunction or sleep dysfunction
Treatment options substance abuse disorder
outpatient or inpatient; residential or day care; group, individual or family counseling;
methadone maintenance, detoxification and self help groups
DSM criteria substance abuse disorder
11 symptoms 2 or more occured at a time in the past 12 months
tolerance
withdrawal
an increase in the amount of the drug taken
an inability to control usage
a large amount of time obtaining the drug
giving up important activities to use drugs
continued use regardless of the ill effects
craving
recurrent drug use leads to inabilty to maintain job
recurrent drug use though it is physically harmful
recurrent drugs despite social problems
Pharmacology
chemistry effects and uses of drugs
pharmacoepidemiology
the use and effect of drugs in socieities
pharmacognosy
drugs obtained from natural sources plants, mold
pharmacokinetics
what the body does with the drugs
pharmacodynamics
what drugs do to the body
pharmacotherapeutics
the use of drugs to treat disease.
Who was John Jacob Abel
A researcher and the first US pharmacology professor. He pursured early endocrine
research. The first to isolate adrenaline (epinephrine) and he crystallized insulin in 1926.
Psychopharmacology
,the scientific study of the effects of drugs on both normal and abnormal mental
functions, moods, senation, thinking and behaviors.
Acetylocholine
A major neurotransmitte responsible for the transmission of nerve impulses in the body,
including those responsible for muscle movement.
Agonist/Antagonist
Counteracts or inhibits neurotransmitter effects on the post-synaptic cells
Akathisia
Restlessness-from mild anxiety to difficulty lying or sitting still, to insomina; often an
extrapyramidal side effects produced by neuroleptic drugs
Anticholinergic
Acetylcholine blocker in CNS and PNS
Antiemetic
Aids in the prevention of nausea and vomiting
Arrhythmia
Atypical heart rhythm
Arthralgia
Joint Pain
Ataxia
Loss of muscle coordination, especially voluntary muscles
Athetosis
continuous sinuously writing movements
Augmenter (add-on) meds
Medications prescribed to increase the efficacy of a primary medication
Autonomic
That portion of the nervous system outside voluntary control
Ballismus
vilent flinging movements of one or more limbs or body parts (typically more proximal
than distal)
Bradycardia
unusually slow heart beat
Bradyphrenia
slowness of thought
Brain reward pathway
Limbic system-
**Nucleus Accumben (NA) targeted by drugs of abuse
**Amygdala and ventral tegmental area (VTA) which are connected by the Median
Forebrain Bundle. Drugs of abuse increase dopaminine neutrotransmitter levels in the
reward pathway.
Long-term dopamine production/receptor changes result in enduring cravings
Campral
Acamprosate Calcium New drug for alcohol abuse. affects calcuim channels and
transmission in the brain along GABA and glutamine pathways, reducing positive and
minimize withdrawal
Chorea
non-rhytmic involuntary jerking bodily movements.
, Choreoathetosis
A combination of (chorea) jerking movements with (athetosis) writing movements. drug
induced
CNS
central nervous system
Cortex
outer-most layer of the brain. high functions-movement, memory, thought and reasoning
Counter-adaptation
tolerance. prolonged drug use reduces the effect of the drug
Creatinine
A metabolic byproduct in urine
Diaphoresis
profuse sweating
Dysphagia
difficulty swallowing
Dyskinesia
impaired or failing muscle control grimacing or twitching
Dystonia
involuntary muscle contractions in twisting movements
ECG
Electrocardiogram
ECT
Electroconvulsion therapy
EEG
Electroencephalogram
Edema
body tissue swellling from fluid accumulation
Emesis
Vomiting
Encopresis
involuntary or voluntary bowel movements
Endogenous depression
internally induced depression
Euresis
urine incontinence
Enzyme
proteins that catalyze chemical reactions in the body
Exacerbation
increasing severity in illness or syptoms
Exogenous depression
externally induced depression (depressing events, circumstances)
Extrapyramidal
associated with neural pathways outside or independent of pyramidal tracts
Extrapyramidal syndromw
physical symptoms primary symptoms associated with irregular reactions to or improper
dosing of neuroleptic medications (antipsychotic)
Entheogens
Shamanic drugs used during shamanic or spiritual rituals and as tools for studying the
mind
Psychoactive substance disorder
a pattern of substance use led to problems, damage, distress 12 months
substance abuse disorder
abusing drug, medication side effect, exposure to a toxin.
Substance intoxication or withdrawal
Behavorial, Psychological, Physiological symptoms due to effects of the substance.
Could cause substance induced delirium, dementia, psychosis, mood disorder, anxiety
disorder, sexual dysfunction or sleep dysfunction
Treatment options substance abuse disorder
outpatient or inpatient; residential or day care; group, individual or family counseling;
methadone maintenance, detoxification and self help groups
DSM criteria substance abuse disorder
11 symptoms 2 or more occured at a time in the past 12 months
tolerance
withdrawal
an increase in the amount of the drug taken
an inability to control usage
a large amount of time obtaining the drug
giving up important activities to use drugs
continued use regardless of the ill effects
craving
recurrent drug use leads to inabilty to maintain job
recurrent drug use though it is physically harmful
recurrent drugs despite social problems
Pharmacology
chemistry effects and uses of drugs
pharmacoepidemiology
the use and effect of drugs in socieities
pharmacognosy
drugs obtained from natural sources plants, mold
pharmacokinetics
what the body does with the drugs
pharmacodynamics
what drugs do to the body
pharmacotherapeutics
the use of drugs to treat disease.
Who was John Jacob Abel
A researcher and the first US pharmacology professor. He pursured early endocrine
research. The first to isolate adrenaline (epinephrine) and he crystallized insulin in 1926.
Psychopharmacology
,the scientific study of the effects of drugs on both normal and abnormal mental
functions, moods, senation, thinking and behaviors.
Acetylocholine
A major neurotransmitte responsible for the transmission of nerve impulses in the body,
including those responsible for muscle movement.
Agonist/Antagonist
Counteracts or inhibits neurotransmitter effects on the post-synaptic cells
Akathisia
Restlessness-from mild anxiety to difficulty lying or sitting still, to insomina; often an
extrapyramidal side effects produced by neuroleptic drugs
Anticholinergic
Acetylcholine blocker in CNS and PNS
Antiemetic
Aids in the prevention of nausea and vomiting
Arrhythmia
Atypical heart rhythm
Arthralgia
Joint Pain
Ataxia
Loss of muscle coordination, especially voluntary muscles
Athetosis
continuous sinuously writing movements
Augmenter (add-on) meds
Medications prescribed to increase the efficacy of a primary medication
Autonomic
That portion of the nervous system outside voluntary control
Ballismus
vilent flinging movements of one or more limbs or body parts (typically more proximal
than distal)
Bradycardia
unusually slow heart beat
Bradyphrenia
slowness of thought
Brain reward pathway
Limbic system-
**Nucleus Accumben (NA) targeted by drugs of abuse
**Amygdala and ventral tegmental area (VTA) which are connected by the Median
Forebrain Bundle. Drugs of abuse increase dopaminine neutrotransmitter levels in the
reward pathway.
Long-term dopamine production/receptor changes result in enduring cravings
Campral
Acamprosate Calcium New drug for alcohol abuse. affects calcuim channels and
transmission in the brain along GABA and glutamine pathways, reducing positive and
minimize withdrawal
Chorea
non-rhytmic involuntary jerking bodily movements.
, Choreoathetosis
A combination of (chorea) jerking movements with (athetosis) writing movements. drug
induced
CNS
central nervous system
Cortex
outer-most layer of the brain. high functions-movement, memory, thought and reasoning
Counter-adaptation
tolerance. prolonged drug use reduces the effect of the drug
Creatinine
A metabolic byproduct in urine
Diaphoresis
profuse sweating
Dysphagia
difficulty swallowing
Dyskinesia
impaired or failing muscle control grimacing or twitching
Dystonia
involuntary muscle contractions in twisting movements
ECG
Electrocardiogram
ECT
Electroconvulsion therapy
EEG
Electroencephalogram
Edema
body tissue swellling from fluid accumulation
Emesis
Vomiting
Encopresis
involuntary or voluntary bowel movements
Endogenous depression
internally induced depression
Euresis
urine incontinence
Enzyme
proteins that catalyze chemical reactions in the body
Exacerbation
increasing severity in illness or syptoms
Exogenous depression
externally induced depression (depressing events, circumstances)
Extrapyramidal
associated with neural pathways outside or independent of pyramidal tracts
Extrapyramidal syndromw
physical symptoms primary symptoms associated with irregular reactions to or improper
dosing of neuroleptic medications (antipsychotic)
