Biology Campbell Chapter 39 Test Bank Latest solutions

Biology Campbell Chapter 39 Test Bank Non-random mutations. - ANSWER All of the following may function in signal transduction in plants except A.) calcium ions. B) non-random mutations. C) receptor proteins. D) phytochrome. E) second messengers. activates defences throughout the plant before infection spreads. - ANSWER In systemic acquired resistance, salicylic acid probably by producing heat-shock proteins, which may protect the plants’ proteins from denaturing - ANSWER How may a plant respond to severe heat stress? the role of statoliths in gravitropism - ANSWER If a scientist discovers an Arabidopsis mutant that does not store starch in plastids but has normal gravitropic bending, what aspect of our understanding would need to be reevaluated? If a long-day plant has a critical night length of 9 hours, which 24-hour cycle would prevent flowering? - ANSWER If a long-day plant has a critical night length of 9 hours, which 24-hour cycle would prevent flowering? red light during the night - ANSWER The chemical signal for flowering could be released earlier than normal in a long-day plant exposed to flashes of A) production of more signal - ANSWER Which of the following is not a typical component of a signal transduction pathway? A) production of more signal B) production of second messengers such as cGMP C) expression of specific proteins D) activation of protein kinases E) phosphorylation of transcription factors acidification of the cell wall, causing denaturation of growth-inhibiting cell wall proteins. - ANSWER Auxin enhances cell elongation in all of these ways except light is perceived by the tips of coleoptiles. - ANSWER Charles and Francis Darwin discovered that B) cytokininsinitiate programmed cell death - ANSWER Which hormone is incorrectly paired with its function? A) auxinpromotes stem growth through cell elongation B) cytokininsinitiate programmed cell death C) gibberellinsstimulate seed germination D) abscisic acidpromotes seed dormancy E) ethyleneinhibits cell elongation abscisic acid. - ANSWER The hormone that helps plants respond to drought is TRUE - ANSWER T/F Systemic acquired resistance is a generalized plant defence response in organs distant from the infection site. TRUE - ANSWER T/F Unlike animal hormones, plant hormones are primarily involved in regulating growth and development. TRUE - ANSWER T/F Plant hormonal control differs from animal hormonal control in that there are no separate hormone producing organs in plants as there are in animals. TRUE - ANSWER T/F The rapid leaf movements resulting from a response to touch (thigmotropism) involve transmission of electrical impulses called action potentials. TRUE - ANSWER T/F Roots exhibit negative geotropism whereas stems exhibit positive geotropism. FALSE - ANSWER T/F A long-day plant will flower only when the night is longer than a critical value. TRUE - ANSWER T/F A short-day plant exposed to nights longer than the minimum for flowering but interrupted by short flashes of light will flower. TRUE - ANSWER T/F The cells of lateral buds are more sensitive to auxin than stem cells. FALSE - ANSWER T/F Experiments on the positive phototropic response of plants indicate that light destroys auxin. FALSE - ANSWER T/F The detector of light during de-etiolation (greening) of the tomato plant are carotenoid pigments block entry of pathogens through the wound. - ANSWER When an arborist prunes a limb off a valuable tree, he or she usually paints the cut surface. The primary purpose of the paint is to activate systemic acquired resistance of plants - ANSWER What is the probable role of salicylic acid in the defense responses of plants? phytoalexins - ANSWER A pathogenic fungus invades a plant. What does the infected plant produce in response to the attack? E) All of the above are plant defenses against disease. - ANSWER Plants are affected by an array of pathogens. Which of the following is not a plant defense against disease? A) cells near the point of infection destroying themselves to prevent the spread of the infection B) production of chemicals that kill pathogens C) acquiring gene-for-gene recognition that allows specific proteins to interact so that the plant can produce defenses against the pathogen. D) a waxy cuticle that pathogens have trouble penetrating E) All of the above are plant defenses against disease. volatile ʺsignalʺ compounds must be perceived. - ANSWER In order for a plant to initiate chemical responses to herbivory, A) domestication, so that humans can protect the plant - ANSWER In general, which of the following is not a plant response to herbivores? A) domestication, so that humans can protect the plant B) attracting predatory animals, such as parasitoid wasps C) chemical defenses, such as toxic compounds D) physical defenses, such as thorns E) production of volatile molecules D) A and B only - ANSWER Which of the following are defenses that some plants use against herbivory? A) production of the unusual amino acid canavanine B) release of volatile compounds that attract parasitoid wasps C) association of plant tissues with mycorrhizae D) A and B only E) A, B, and C salicylic acid - ANSWER The transduction pathway that activates systemic acquired resistance in plants is initially signalled b