PHARMA STUDY GUIDE ASSURED
A+SUCCEED
Drug Name Important
Information
L • Limit aerobic activity in hot weather
i • Watch for coarse tremors, this means toxicity
t • Encourage 2,000 to 3,000 mL water per day
h • Therapeutic level: 0.6-1.2.Toxic: 1.5+
i • Don’t give with NSAIDs. Aspirin and sulindac are okay though.
u • No crash diets or fasting. Can lead to toxicity.
m o Opposite reaction with TOO much Na- leads to decreased absorption a
Lithium
Felodipine • “-divine” suffix= calcium channel blocker
• Treats hypertension and stable angina
• Common ADR- edema. Contraindicated in HF patients.
Fentanyl • Opioid analgesic with rapid onset and short duration
• Common forms- patches, lollipops (both come up in practice tests)
o Make sure to safely dispose of waste, fold the patch together, and store
receptacle
Celecoxib • COX 2 inhibitor
• Last choice med due to increased risk of MI/stroke
• Contraindicated in pt with sulfonamide allergy
Pilocarpine • Used to treat glaucoma and dry mouth
• When used for glaucoma, will take for entire life
• Can be absorbed through eye and have systemic ADRs
• Can cause transient brow pain that goes away 2 weeks after initial treat
Oxytocin • Stop infusion when contractions last longer than 2 min each.
• Contractions 50 mmHg or greater should be reported and infusion DC’ed
• Contractions more frequent than 2-3 min indicate infusion DC
• Resting uterine contractions of 15-20+ mmHg indicates DC
Isotretinoin • Used to treat severe nodular acne
• Pregnancy test before prescription is filled
Dopamine • Catecholamine is used to increase BP.
• Can be used to treat cardiogenic shock. It increases renal perfusion. Cau
Isosorbide mononitrate • Nitrate: Treats and prevents chest pain. May result in hypotension; hold
levels
Cyclosporine • Immunosuppressant drug for organ transplant recipients: taken for the
• Also used for RA and psoriasis
• Common ADRs: HTN, hirsutism, gingival hyperplasia, headache, tremor,
ophthalmic)
• Serious ADRs: hyperkalemia, hepatotoxic, opportunistic infection, encep
• Avoid: infected persons, potassium-sparing drugs, grapefruit juice, live v
, Allopurinol (xanthine oxidase • Anti-gout medication (a gout is a painful form of arthritis, buildup of uri
inhibitor) • Increase the dose each week by 50 to 100 mg until a max of 800 mg dai
• Interacts with warfarin and results in increased anticoag effect.
• Prolonged use can cause cataracts
• Can cause a metallic taste (normal)
• Drowsiness and nausea are expected side effects
• Increase water intake to prevent stone formation (2-3 L/day)
• Report red rash and fever
Colchicine • Gout anti-inflammatory
• ADR: GI distress, thrombocytopenia, muscle pain/tenderness
• Grapefruit juice can increase ADRs
Omeprazole • PPI; reduces gastric acid secretion. Used for gastric ulcers, GERD, and hy
such as Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome.
• ADRs: headache, N/V/D (Short-term use); Long term use: Pneumonia, o
fractures, rebound acid hypersecretion, and hypomagnesemia
• CI for pt hypersensitive to med and during lactation
• Caution in kids with dysphagia or liver disease, and COPD pt
• Preg Cat C
Nifedipine • Ca+ Channel Blocker
• Do not consume grapefruit juice (toxic effects).
Risedronate • Bisphosphonate
• The patient should remain upright 30 minutes after taking medication
• The patient should take the medication with at least 8oz of water
Adenosine • Slows conduction through AV node, interrupts the pathway of AV node
Amiodarone • Class 3 Potassium Channel Blocker (for dysrhythmias)
• Prolongs repolarization relaxes smooth muscle, decreases vascular resis
• Can cause pulmonary toxicity (report dyspnea, cough, angina)-- CXR and
needed
• ADRS; Pulmonary toxicity, Sinus brady/AV block (can lead to HF), Visual
discoloration, HypoTN
• VERY LONG-ACTING MED
Atropine • Increases firing of SA node
• Opposes action of Vagus nerve
• Antidote for Cholinergic Crisis
Levodopa/Carbidopa • Anti-parkinson’s med--promotes dopamine synthesis
• Levodopa crosses BBB and is converted to Dopamine (DA); Carbidopa au
decreasing its conversion to DA in the intestines and periphery, resulting in
CNS
• Most effective for PD, but the beneficial effects start to diminish at the e
• ADRs: Dyskinesias (head bobbing, tics, grimacing, tremors); Cardiac (tec
heartbeat); Activation of malignant melanoma; Psychosis, and Not as seriou
discoloration of sweat/urine, N/V, drowsiness
A+SUCCEED
Drug Name Important
Information
L • Limit aerobic activity in hot weather
i • Watch for coarse tremors, this means toxicity
t • Encourage 2,000 to 3,000 mL water per day
h • Therapeutic level: 0.6-1.2.Toxic: 1.5+
i • Don’t give with NSAIDs. Aspirin and sulindac are okay though.
u • No crash diets or fasting. Can lead to toxicity.
m o Opposite reaction with TOO much Na- leads to decreased absorption a
Lithium
Felodipine • “-divine” suffix= calcium channel blocker
• Treats hypertension and stable angina
• Common ADR- edema. Contraindicated in HF patients.
Fentanyl • Opioid analgesic with rapid onset and short duration
• Common forms- patches, lollipops (both come up in practice tests)
o Make sure to safely dispose of waste, fold the patch together, and store
receptacle
Celecoxib • COX 2 inhibitor
• Last choice med due to increased risk of MI/stroke
• Contraindicated in pt with sulfonamide allergy
Pilocarpine • Used to treat glaucoma and dry mouth
• When used for glaucoma, will take for entire life
• Can be absorbed through eye and have systemic ADRs
• Can cause transient brow pain that goes away 2 weeks after initial treat
Oxytocin • Stop infusion when contractions last longer than 2 min each.
• Contractions 50 mmHg or greater should be reported and infusion DC’ed
• Contractions more frequent than 2-3 min indicate infusion DC
• Resting uterine contractions of 15-20+ mmHg indicates DC
Isotretinoin • Used to treat severe nodular acne
• Pregnancy test before prescription is filled
Dopamine • Catecholamine is used to increase BP.
• Can be used to treat cardiogenic shock. It increases renal perfusion. Cau
Isosorbide mononitrate • Nitrate: Treats and prevents chest pain. May result in hypotension; hold
levels
Cyclosporine • Immunosuppressant drug for organ transplant recipients: taken for the
• Also used for RA and psoriasis
• Common ADRs: HTN, hirsutism, gingival hyperplasia, headache, tremor,
ophthalmic)
• Serious ADRs: hyperkalemia, hepatotoxic, opportunistic infection, encep
• Avoid: infected persons, potassium-sparing drugs, grapefruit juice, live v
, Allopurinol (xanthine oxidase • Anti-gout medication (a gout is a painful form of arthritis, buildup of uri
inhibitor) • Increase the dose each week by 50 to 100 mg until a max of 800 mg dai
• Interacts with warfarin and results in increased anticoag effect.
• Prolonged use can cause cataracts
• Can cause a metallic taste (normal)
• Drowsiness and nausea are expected side effects
• Increase water intake to prevent stone formation (2-3 L/day)
• Report red rash and fever
Colchicine • Gout anti-inflammatory
• ADR: GI distress, thrombocytopenia, muscle pain/tenderness
• Grapefruit juice can increase ADRs
Omeprazole • PPI; reduces gastric acid secretion. Used for gastric ulcers, GERD, and hy
such as Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome.
• ADRs: headache, N/V/D (Short-term use); Long term use: Pneumonia, o
fractures, rebound acid hypersecretion, and hypomagnesemia
• CI for pt hypersensitive to med and during lactation
• Caution in kids with dysphagia or liver disease, and COPD pt
• Preg Cat C
Nifedipine • Ca+ Channel Blocker
• Do not consume grapefruit juice (toxic effects).
Risedronate • Bisphosphonate
• The patient should remain upright 30 minutes after taking medication
• The patient should take the medication with at least 8oz of water
Adenosine • Slows conduction through AV node, interrupts the pathway of AV node
Amiodarone • Class 3 Potassium Channel Blocker (for dysrhythmias)
• Prolongs repolarization relaxes smooth muscle, decreases vascular resis
• Can cause pulmonary toxicity (report dyspnea, cough, angina)-- CXR and
needed
• ADRS; Pulmonary toxicity, Sinus brady/AV block (can lead to HF), Visual
discoloration, HypoTN
• VERY LONG-ACTING MED
Atropine • Increases firing of SA node
• Opposes action of Vagus nerve
• Antidote for Cholinergic Crisis
Levodopa/Carbidopa • Anti-parkinson’s med--promotes dopamine synthesis
• Levodopa crosses BBB and is converted to Dopamine (DA); Carbidopa au
decreasing its conversion to DA in the intestines and periphery, resulting in
CNS
• Most effective for PD, but the beneficial effects start to diminish at the e
• ADRs: Dyskinesias (head bobbing, tics, grimacing, tremors); Cardiac (tec
heartbeat); Activation of malignant melanoma; Psychosis, and Not as seriou
discoloration of sweat/urine, N/V, drowsiness
