AGNP BOARD EXAM ENDOCRINOLOGY ASSESSMENT
(50 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS AND
EXPLANATIONS)
Question:1
The earliest recognizable clinical manifestation(s) of cystic fibrosis in an infant is:
a) History of poor intestinal absorption
b) Foul smelling, frothy, greasy stools
c) Meconium ileus
d) Salty taste on the skin Correct
Explanation:
The signs and symptoms of cystic fibrosis (CF) vary from person to person and over time.
Sometimes there will be few symptoms and other times, symptoms may become more
severe. One of the first signs of CF that parents may notice is that their baby's skin tastes
salty when kissed, or the baby doesn't pass stool when first born. Most of the other signs
and symptoms of CF happen later. They're related to how CF affects the respiratory,
digestive, or reproductive systems of the body.
Question:2
If a newborn is suspected of having congenital hypothyroidism, which clinical
manifestation would be evident?
a) Prematurity
b) Hyperthermia
c) Hyperactivity
d) Enlarged anterior fontanel Correct
Explanation:
Infants with congenital hypothyroidism are usually born at term or after term. Most
practitioners now depend on the screening test in newborns to diagnose this condition
since the symptoms or signs take time to develop. The symptoms of congenital
hypothyroidism may include some of the following: puffy face, coarse facial features,
,enlarged anterior fontanel, thick protruding tongue, poor feeding, constipation or reduced
stooling, prolonged jaundice, decreased activity with hypotonia, hypothermia and cool and
pale skin, goiter, birth defects (e.g., heart valve abnormality), poor weight gain due to poor
appetite, and swollen hands, feet and genitals.
Question:3
The appearance of breast development in girls before the age of 8 years is termed:
a) amenorrhea.
b) gynecomastia.
c) adrenarche.
d) precocious puberty. Correct
Explanation:
Puberty that begins before age 8 in girls and before age 9 in boys is considered precocious
puberty. Amenorrhea is the absence of menstruation. Gynecomastia is swelling of the
breast tissue in boys or men. Adrenarche is the early presence of pubic hair in girls aged 5-8
years old.
Question:4
A butterfly-shaped gland located in the middle of the neck below the larynx and above the
clavicles is the:
a) parathyroid gland.
b) thyroid gland. Correct
c) hypothalamus gland.
d) thymus gland.
Explanation:
The thyroid gland is a butterfly-shaped gland located in the middle of the neck below the
larynx and above the clavicles. The parathyroid glands are small endocrine glands located
in the neck behind the thyroid gland. The thymus gland is rectangular and located in the
mediastinum of the thoracic cavity anterior and superior to the heart and posterior to the
sternum. The hypothalamus is located in the brain.
, Question:5
When auscultating the enlarged thyroid with a stethoscope, a bruit is suggestive of:
a) a carotid aneurysm.
b) a normal finding.
c) hyperthyroidism. Correct
d) a thyroid malignancy.
Explanation:
A systolic or continuous bruit auscultated with a stethoscope over an enlarged thyroid may
be heard in hyperthyroidism. This is not a normal finding. A bruit is not usually associated
with a thyroid malignancy.
Question:6
During assessment of the thyroid, a fixed, firm, nontender large mass is noted. These
findings describe:
a) a cyst.
b) a nodule. Correct
c) a goiter.
d) hyperplasia.
Explanation:
A thyroid nodule presents as a fixed, firm, nontender large mass. Thyroid cysts are fluid-
filled. A goiter causes visible swelling at the base of the neck. Hyperplasia is an abnormal
increase in the volume of a tissue or organ caused by the formation and growth of new
normal cells
Question:7
A hormonal disorder in adults resulting from the overproduction of growth hormones is
known as:
a) gigantism.
b) prolactinoma.
c) acromegaly. Correct
d) congenital adrenal hyperplasia.
(50 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS AND
EXPLANATIONS)
Question:1
The earliest recognizable clinical manifestation(s) of cystic fibrosis in an infant is:
a) History of poor intestinal absorption
b) Foul smelling, frothy, greasy stools
c) Meconium ileus
d) Salty taste on the skin Correct
Explanation:
The signs and symptoms of cystic fibrosis (CF) vary from person to person and over time.
Sometimes there will be few symptoms and other times, symptoms may become more
severe. One of the first signs of CF that parents may notice is that their baby's skin tastes
salty when kissed, or the baby doesn't pass stool when first born. Most of the other signs
and symptoms of CF happen later. They're related to how CF affects the respiratory,
digestive, or reproductive systems of the body.
Question:2
If a newborn is suspected of having congenital hypothyroidism, which clinical
manifestation would be evident?
a) Prematurity
b) Hyperthermia
c) Hyperactivity
d) Enlarged anterior fontanel Correct
Explanation:
Infants with congenital hypothyroidism are usually born at term or after term. Most
practitioners now depend on the screening test in newborns to diagnose this condition
since the symptoms or signs take time to develop. The symptoms of congenital
hypothyroidism may include some of the following: puffy face, coarse facial features,
,enlarged anterior fontanel, thick protruding tongue, poor feeding, constipation or reduced
stooling, prolonged jaundice, decreased activity with hypotonia, hypothermia and cool and
pale skin, goiter, birth defects (e.g., heart valve abnormality), poor weight gain due to poor
appetite, and swollen hands, feet and genitals.
Question:3
The appearance of breast development in girls before the age of 8 years is termed:
a) amenorrhea.
b) gynecomastia.
c) adrenarche.
d) precocious puberty. Correct
Explanation:
Puberty that begins before age 8 in girls and before age 9 in boys is considered precocious
puberty. Amenorrhea is the absence of menstruation. Gynecomastia is swelling of the
breast tissue in boys or men. Adrenarche is the early presence of pubic hair in girls aged 5-8
years old.
Question:4
A butterfly-shaped gland located in the middle of the neck below the larynx and above the
clavicles is the:
a) parathyroid gland.
b) thyroid gland. Correct
c) hypothalamus gland.
d) thymus gland.
Explanation:
The thyroid gland is a butterfly-shaped gland located in the middle of the neck below the
larynx and above the clavicles. The parathyroid glands are small endocrine glands located
in the neck behind the thyroid gland. The thymus gland is rectangular and located in the
mediastinum of the thoracic cavity anterior and superior to the heart and posterior to the
sternum. The hypothalamus is located in the brain.
, Question:5
When auscultating the enlarged thyroid with a stethoscope, a bruit is suggestive of:
a) a carotid aneurysm.
b) a normal finding.
c) hyperthyroidism. Correct
d) a thyroid malignancy.
Explanation:
A systolic or continuous bruit auscultated with a stethoscope over an enlarged thyroid may
be heard in hyperthyroidism. This is not a normal finding. A bruit is not usually associated
with a thyroid malignancy.
Question:6
During assessment of the thyroid, a fixed, firm, nontender large mass is noted. These
findings describe:
a) a cyst.
b) a nodule. Correct
c) a goiter.
d) hyperplasia.
Explanation:
A thyroid nodule presents as a fixed, firm, nontender large mass. Thyroid cysts are fluid-
filled. A goiter causes visible swelling at the base of the neck. Hyperplasia is an abnormal
increase in the volume of a tissue or organ caused by the formation and growth of new
normal cells
Question:7
A hormonal disorder in adults resulting from the overproduction of growth hormones is
known as:
a) gigantism.
b) prolactinoma.
c) acromegaly. Correct
d) congenital adrenal hyperplasia.
