NR 509 REAL QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS

NR 509 REAL QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS Cause of saddle numbness and urinary retention - ANSWER- Cauda equina syndrome Presentation of retinal detachment - ANSWER- If sudden visual loss is unilateral and painless, Obtunded - ANSWER- patient opens the eyes and looks at you but responds slowly and is somewhat confused. Alertness and interest in the environment are decreased. Cranial nerve for lateral gaze - ANSWER- CN6: Abducens Adult Illnesses - ANSWER- Medical: Illnesses such as diabetes, hypertension, hepatitis, asthma, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); hospitalizations; number and gender of sexual partners; and risk-taking sexual practices ■ Surgical: Dates, indications, and types of operations ■ Obstetric/Gynecologic: Obstetric history, menstrual history, methods of contraception, and sexual function ■ Psychiatric: Illness and time frame, diagnoses, hospitalizations, and treatments Present Illness - ANSWER- chronologic description of the problems prompting the patient's visit, including the onset of the problem, the setting in which it developed, its manifestations, and any treatments to date.Each problem/symptom needs: (1) location; (2) quality; (3) quantity or severity; (4) timing, including onset, duration, and frequency; (5) the setting in which it occurs; (6) factors that have aggravated -meds, allergies, tobacco use, ETOH and drug use Absence of red reflex - ANSWER- an opacity of the lens (cataract) or, possibly, the vitreous (or even an artificial eye). Less commonly, a detached retina or, in children, a retinoblastoma may obscure this reflex. S/S of seasonal allergies - ANSWER- Itching, watery eyes, sneezing, ear congestion, postnasal drainage Presentation of optic neuritis - ANSWER- Enlarged blind spot, vision loss in 1 eye, loss of color vision, hole in center of vision, trouble seeing to the side, eye pain pityriasis rosea - ANSWER- Multiple round to oval scaling violaceous plaques on abdomen and back Acromion - ANSWER- tip of shoulder What to do for + finding on physical exam, but - workup - ANSWER- continue using test, but less lab and diagnostics Cause of falsely high BP - ANSWER- -too small of a BP cuff - if the brachial artery is below heart level - loose cuff - bladder that balloons outside the cuff Check for nystagmus - ANSWER- -involuntary jerking movement of the eyes with quick and slow components. - It is named for the direction of the quick component - seen in cerebellar disease and vestibular disorders and in internuclear ophthalmoplegia Jaundice - ANSWER- yellow sclera how do get a patient to open up when upset - ANSWER- effective reassurance is simply identifying and acknowledging the patient's feelings. -Partnering -Summarizing -Transitions - Empowering the pt s/s of degenerative pain - ANSWER- -Slowly progressive, with temporary exacerbations after periods of overuse -usually insidious - flexion and deviation deformities How otosclerosis presents with Weber and Rinne test - ANSWER- - Weber: Sound lateralizes to impaired ear. Room noise not well heard, so detection of vibrations improves - Rinne: BC longer than or equal to AC. While air conduction through the external or middle ear is impaired, vibrations through bone bypass the problem to reach the cochlea. Cherry angiomas - ANSWER- Benign Interpreting visual acuity test - ANSWER- Vision of 20/200 means that at 20 feet the patient can read print that a person with normal vision could read at 200 feet. The larger the second number, the worse the vision. "20/40 corrected" means the patient could read the 20/40 line with glasses (a correction). Sequence of the interview - ANSWER- Preparation. Then, Greeting the patient and establishing rapport. Establishing the agenda for the interview. Inviting the patient's story. Exploring the patient's perspective. Identifying and responding to emotional cues. Expand-ing and clarifying the patient's story. Generating and testing diagnostic hypotheses. Sharing the treatment plan. Closing the interview and the visit. Taking time for self-reflection. Patient consent - ANSWER- you need consent to carry out a visit with someone in the room with them. Health History - ANSWER- ● Identifying data and source of the history; reliability ● Chief complaint(s) ● Present illness ● Past history ● Family history ● Personal and social history ● Review of systems Rotator cuff injury - ANSWER- Atrophy of the supraspinatus and infraspinatus with increased prominence of scapular spine can appear within 2 to 3 weeks of a r