NUR 221 Quiz 2 Questions And
Answers.
What is essential in preventing hyperbilirubinemia? Answer- Adequate feeding.
Newborns should breastfeed early (within 1 to 2 hours after birth) and often (at least
8 to 12 times/24 hours). Colostrum acts as a laxative to promote stooling, which
helps rid the body of bilirubin. Formula fed infants should be fed after birth when their
physiologic status has stabilized and therefore every 3 to 4 hours.
What are the most common risk factors for hyperbilirubinemia? Answer- Gestational
age less than 38 weeks, exclusive breastfeeding (especially in association with
breastfeeding difficulties and excessive weight loss), significant jaundice in a sibling,
isoimmune or other hemolytic disease (e.g., glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase
[G6PD] deficiency), cephalhematoma, significant bruising, and East Indian race.
What is the most common treatment for hyperbilirubinemia? Answer- Phototherapy
SAFETY ALERT (pg. 578): Answer- When a phototherapy lamp is used, the infant's
eyes must be protected by an opaque mask to prevent retinal damage. The eye
shield should cover the eyes completely but not occlude the nares. Before the mask
is applied, the infant's eyes should be closed gently to prevent excoriation of the
corneas. The mask should be removed periodically and during infant feedings so
that the eyes can be assessed and cleansed with water and the parents can have
visual contact with the infant.
How often should infants under phototherapy lights be repositioned? Answer- At
least every 2 to 3 hours to maximize skin exposure.
What are the manifestations (physiological responses) of acute pain in the neonate?
Answer- 1.) Vital signs: Increased heart rate, increased blood pressure, rapid,
shallow respirations
2.) Oxygenation: Decreased transcutaneous oxygen saturation, decreased arterial
oxygen saturation
3.) Skin: Pallor or flushing, diaphoresis, palmar sweating
4.) Laboratory evidence of metabolic or endocrine changes: Hyperglycemia, lowered
pH, elevated corticosteroids
5.) Other observations: Increased muscle tone, dilated pupils, decreased vagal nerve
tone, increased intracranial pressure
What are the manifestations (behavioral responses) of acute pain in the neonate?
Answer- 1.) Vocalizations: Crying, whimpering, groaning
2.) Facial expression: Grimaces, brow furrowed, chin quivering, eyes tightly closed,
mouth open and squarish
3.) Body movements and posture: Limb withdrawal, thrashing, rigidity, flaccidity, fist
clenching
Answers.
What is essential in preventing hyperbilirubinemia? Answer- Adequate feeding.
Newborns should breastfeed early (within 1 to 2 hours after birth) and often (at least
8 to 12 times/24 hours). Colostrum acts as a laxative to promote stooling, which
helps rid the body of bilirubin. Formula fed infants should be fed after birth when their
physiologic status has stabilized and therefore every 3 to 4 hours.
What are the most common risk factors for hyperbilirubinemia? Answer- Gestational
age less than 38 weeks, exclusive breastfeeding (especially in association with
breastfeeding difficulties and excessive weight loss), significant jaundice in a sibling,
isoimmune or other hemolytic disease (e.g., glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase
[G6PD] deficiency), cephalhematoma, significant bruising, and East Indian race.
What is the most common treatment for hyperbilirubinemia? Answer- Phototherapy
SAFETY ALERT (pg. 578): Answer- When a phototherapy lamp is used, the infant's
eyes must be protected by an opaque mask to prevent retinal damage. The eye
shield should cover the eyes completely but not occlude the nares. Before the mask
is applied, the infant's eyes should be closed gently to prevent excoriation of the
corneas. The mask should be removed periodically and during infant feedings so
that the eyes can be assessed and cleansed with water and the parents can have
visual contact with the infant.
How often should infants under phototherapy lights be repositioned? Answer- At
least every 2 to 3 hours to maximize skin exposure.
What are the manifestations (physiological responses) of acute pain in the neonate?
Answer- 1.) Vital signs: Increased heart rate, increased blood pressure, rapid,
shallow respirations
2.) Oxygenation: Decreased transcutaneous oxygen saturation, decreased arterial
oxygen saturation
3.) Skin: Pallor or flushing, diaphoresis, palmar sweating
4.) Laboratory evidence of metabolic or endocrine changes: Hyperglycemia, lowered
pH, elevated corticosteroids
5.) Other observations: Increased muscle tone, dilated pupils, decreased vagal nerve
tone, increased intracranial pressure
What are the manifestations (behavioral responses) of acute pain in the neonate?
Answer- 1.) Vocalizations: Crying, whimpering, groaning
2.) Facial expression: Grimaces, brow furrowed, chin quivering, eyes tightly closed,
mouth open and squarish
3.) Body movements and posture: Limb withdrawal, thrashing, rigidity, flaccidity, fist
clenching
