Dialkylethylamine derivatives
R – X – CH2 – CH2 - N – (R')2
X = O, NH, CH2, S : an antihistamine compound
X = COO, CONH, COS : adrenergic blocking compounds
Ethyltrimethylammonium Esters Derivatives
R-COO-CH2-CH2-N+(CH3)3
CH3 Acetylcholine : short muscarinic working life
NH2 Carbamicolin : long muscarinic service life
Replacing the CH3 group with the electron-withdrawing NH2 group can increase the
stability of the ester in metabolic processes so that carbamilcholine has a longer muscarinic
working period than acetylcholine.
Sulfonamide-derived anti-diabetic drugs
Tolbutamide and chlorpropamide have a longer biological half-life (t1/2) and lower toxicity
than carbutamide because the tolbutamide group is a relatively labile group compared to the
NH2 group, and in vivo is easily oxidized to a carboxylic acid (t1/2 = 5.7 O'clock). The Cl
group in chlorpropamide is more resistant to the oxidation process so that the drug's working
life is longer (t1/2 is greater than 33 hours).
Procaine and procainamide
R – X – CH2 – CH2 - N – (R')2
X = O, NH, CH2, S : an antihistamine compound
X = COO, CONH, COS : adrenergic blocking compounds
Ethyltrimethylammonium Esters Derivatives
R-COO-CH2-CH2-N+(CH3)3
CH3 Acetylcholine : short muscarinic working life
NH2 Carbamicolin : long muscarinic service life
Replacing the CH3 group with the electron-withdrawing NH2 group can increase the
stability of the ester in metabolic processes so that carbamilcholine has a longer muscarinic
working period than acetylcholine.
Sulfonamide-derived anti-diabetic drugs
Tolbutamide and chlorpropamide have a longer biological half-life (t1/2) and lower toxicity
than carbutamide because the tolbutamide group is a relatively labile group compared to the
NH2 group, and in vivo is easily oxidized to a carboxylic acid (t1/2 = 5.7 O'clock). The Cl
group in chlorpropamide is more resistant to the oxidation process so that the drug's working
life is longer (t1/2 is greater than 33 hours).
Procaine and procainamide
