MIBO 3500 Exam Questions and Answers | A rated Questions
and Answers
What are the two broad categories of gene transfer? - answer- Vertical Transmission -
across generations
Horizontal Transmission - within the same generation
What is different about prokaryotic chromosomes compared to eukaryotic ones? -
answer- Prokaryotic chromosomes are circular and usually smaller
Plasmids are an example of ___________ DNA - answer- extrachromosomal
Genes that code for proteins are called __________ - answer- structural genes
What are purines and pyrimidines? - answer- Purines: Adenine and Guanine
Pyrimidines: Thymine and Cytosine
Bacterial chromosomes are anchored in the nucleoid by ___________ - answer-
Histone-like proteins
enzymes that change DNA supercoiling are called - answer- topoisomerases
Type _____ topoisomerases introduce negative supercoiling, while Type _____
introduces positive supercoiling. - answer- II, I
Which toposiomerase requires ATP and breaks both strands? - answer- II
Which enzyme is primarily responsible for DNA replication? - answer- DNA pol III
Which enzyme is responsible for replacing the RNA primer? - answer- DNA pol I
Which enzyme is responsible for adding the RNA primer - answer- primase
What is the initiator protein called in DNA replication? - answer- DnaA
What does gyrase do? - answer- reduce supercoiling
What components make up the replisome? Where does it bind? - answer- DnaA,
helicase, primase, DNA pol III, and sliding clamp protein
Binds to OriC
, Replication occurs ________ to _______ - answer- 5' to 3'
Which enzyme acts ahead of the replisome complex in DNA replication? - answer-
gyrase
What activity of DNA pol I is responsible for the removal of RNA primers? - answer- 5' -
3' exonuclease
Replication ends when it reaches a _______ site - answer- ter
What binds to ter sites to ensure that replication does not continue? - answer- Tus
(terminus utilization substance)
The RNA pol holoenzyme requires _______ to initiate transcription - answer- σ factor
True/False: σ factor is necessary in transcription elongation - answer- False. Only
needed at the very beginning
RNA pol reads the template strand in the _______ to _______ direction - answer- 3' - 5'
The ________ strand will have complimentary bases, while the _________ strand will
be a match to the new pre-mRNA - answer- Template (noncoding), Coding
What does the sigma factor do? - answer- recognize promoter sequence
In e coli, the "housekeeping sigma factor" is called _________ and recognizes which
sequences? - answer- σ-70,
-35 and -10 promoters
True/False: the transcription bubble is small and mostly localized to the RNA pol
complex - answer- True
Transcription termination can be signaled through two processes. What are they? -
answer- Rho-dependent
Rho-independent
Describe Rho-dependent termination - answer- RNA pol slows down upon reaching the
pause site on DNA, which allows Rho to catch up and knock it off
Describe Rho-independent termination - answer- Hairpin from GC rich DNA allows
NusA to bind, knocking RNA pol off
What are the stop codons?
What is the start codon and what aa does it code for? - answer- Stop: UGA , UAA, UAG
and Answers
What are the two broad categories of gene transfer? - answer- Vertical Transmission -
across generations
Horizontal Transmission - within the same generation
What is different about prokaryotic chromosomes compared to eukaryotic ones? -
answer- Prokaryotic chromosomes are circular and usually smaller
Plasmids are an example of ___________ DNA - answer- extrachromosomal
Genes that code for proteins are called __________ - answer- structural genes
What are purines and pyrimidines? - answer- Purines: Adenine and Guanine
Pyrimidines: Thymine and Cytosine
Bacterial chromosomes are anchored in the nucleoid by ___________ - answer-
Histone-like proteins
enzymes that change DNA supercoiling are called - answer- topoisomerases
Type _____ topoisomerases introduce negative supercoiling, while Type _____
introduces positive supercoiling. - answer- II, I
Which toposiomerase requires ATP and breaks both strands? - answer- II
Which enzyme is primarily responsible for DNA replication? - answer- DNA pol III
Which enzyme is responsible for replacing the RNA primer? - answer- DNA pol I
Which enzyme is responsible for adding the RNA primer - answer- primase
What is the initiator protein called in DNA replication? - answer- DnaA
What does gyrase do? - answer- reduce supercoiling
What components make up the replisome? Where does it bind? - answer- DnaA,
helicase, primase, DNA pol III, and sliding clamp protein
Binds to OriC
, Replication occurs ________ to _______ - answer- 5' to 3'
Which enzyme acts ahead of the replisome complex in DNA replication? - answer-
gyrase
What activity of DNA pol I is responsible for the removal of RNA primers? - answer- 5' -
3' exonuclease
Replication ends when it reaches a _______ site - answer- ter
What binds to ter sites to ensure that replication does not continue? - answer- Tus
(terminus utilization substance)
The RNA pol holoenzyme requires _______ to initiate transcription - answer- σ factor
True/False: σ factor is necessary in transcription elongation - answer- False. Only
needed at the very beginning
RNA pol reads the template strand in the _______ to _______ direction - answer- 3' - 5'
The ________ strand will have complimentary bases, while the _________ strand will
be a match to the new pre-mRNA - answer- Template (noncoding), Coding
What does the sigma factor do? - answer- recognize promoter sequence
In e coli, the "housekeeping sigma factor" is called _________ and recognizes which
sequences? - answer- σ-70,
-35 and -10 promoters
True/False: the transcription bubble is small and mostly localized to the RNA pol
complex - answer- True
Transcription termination can be signaled through two processes. What are they? -
answer- Rho-dependent
Rho-independent
Describe Rho-dependent termination - answer- RNA pol slows down upon reaching the
pause site on DNA, which allows Rho to catch up and knock it off
Describe Rho-independent termination - answer- Hairpin from GC rich DNA allows
NusA to bind, knocking RNA pol off
What are the stop codons?
What is the start codon and what aa does it code for? - answer- Stop: UGA , UAA, UAG
