Pathophysiology Quiz test with Answers

Pathophysiology chapter 18 A client with malignant hypertension is at risk for a hypertensive crisis, including the cerebral vascular system often causing cerebral edema. The nurse would assess this client for which signs and symptoms - Answer- Headache and confusion p. 430. A client with malignant hypertension is at risk for a hypertensive crisis, including the cerebral vascular system often causing cerebral edema. The nurse would assess this client for which signs and symptoms? - Answer- Headache and confusion A critical care nurse is carefully monitoring a client's mean arterial pressure. Which combination of factors is responsible for mean arterial blood pressure? - Answer- Cardiac output multiplied by systemic vascular resistance (p. 420) A female client tells the health care provider that she has recently been experiencing episodes of changes occuring in the color of her fingertips especially when she experiences cold temperatures. She further states that the tips become pale, turn a bluish color, and then become reddened. The client is most likely experiencing: - Answer- Raynaud phenomenon (p. 416) A number of older adults have come to attend a wellness clinic that includes both blood pressure monitoring and education about how to best control blood pressure. Which of the leader's following teaching points is most accurate? - Answer- "Too much alcohol, too little exercise and too much body fat all contribute to high blood pressure." A nurse is administering medication to treat hypercholesterolemia. Which of the following medications reduces or blocks the hepatic synthesis of cholesterol? - Answer- Statins p. 408 A nurse is evaluating hypertension risk factors with an African American male who is a lawyer in a busy legal firm. He reports that he eats fairly well, usually having red meat and potatoes daily. His father and older brother have hypertension. His paternal grandfather had a stroke. The lawyer drinks about four beers and eats salted popcorn while watching television in the evening and has gained 15 pounds in the past year. Which of the following are nonmodifiable risk factors associated with this diagnosis? Select all that apply. - Answer- Race Family history A nurse is planning a community education program on hypertension. Which of the following parameters should be included to explain the regulation of arterial blood pressure? - Answer- Cardiac output and systemic vascular resistance A nurse is planning a community education program on lifestyle modification to manage hypertension. Which of the following topics should be included in the teaching plan? Select all that apply. - Answer- Consume a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and low-fat dairy products. Reduce dietary sodium intake. Stop smoking. Limit alcohol consumption. A nurse is teaching a patient with newly diagnosed hypertension about antihypertensive drug therapy. The nurse determines that the patient understands when the patient correctly matches which of the following drug categories to the action of decreasing vascular volume by suppressing renal reabsorption of sodium and increasing salt and water excretion? - Answer- Diuretics A patient comes to the clinic complaining of anorexia, weight loss, fever, fatigue along with paresthesias, pain, and weakness of the lower extremities. Assessment findings include reddish blue, mottled areas of discoloration to the skin of the lower extremities. Laboratory findings include an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, leukocytosis, anemia, and abnormal liver function tests. A diagnosis of necrotizing vasculitis is confirmed through biopsy. The nurse anticipates treatment with which of the following medications? - Answer- High-dose corticosteroid therapy and cytotoxic immunosuppressant agents (p. 414) A patient has developed atherosclerosis. The nurse knows that a major cause for this disorder is which of the following? - Answer- Hypertension (p. 409) A patient is diagnosed with gestational hypertension. The nurse recognizes which of the following as characteristic of this condition? Select all that apply. - Answer- Blood pressure greater than 140/90 Development after 20th week of pregnancy Blood pressure back to normal by 12 weeks postpartum (p. 431) A patient is diagnosed with stage 2 hypertension. The nurse knows that which of the following is characteristic of stage 2 hypertension? - Answer- Sustained systolic pressure equal to or greater that 160 mm Hg A patient is prescribed an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) for hypertension. The nurse knows that ACEIs are contraindicated by which clinical condition? - Answer- Renal artery stenosis p. 427. A patient presents to the emergency department with complaints of bilateral cyanosis and pallor of the fingers after being out in the cold weather for 5 minutes. The toes are of normal color. Which of the following is a potential diagnosis for this patient? - Answer- Raynaud's disease A patient with a diagnosis of chronic renal failure secondary to diabetes has seen a gradual increase in her blood pressure over the past severa