Scene Safety, Responsiveness and Assessment:
Scene Safety: make sure scene is safe for you/victim
Check for responsiveness: Tap the victims shoulder, shout “are you okay”
If the victim is not responsive, activate the emergency response system via mobile devise, get
the AED or send someone else to do it
Assess for breathing/pulse:
o To minimize delay in starting CPR, you may assess breathing and pulse at the same
time, this should take no more than 10 seconds
To check for breathing, scan the victims chest for rise and fall for no more than
10 seconds
If the victim is not breathing, or is only gasping: Be prepared to begin
high quality CPR. Gasping is not normal breathing and is a sign of
cardiac arrest.
To perform a pulse check on an adult, feel for a carotid pulse (neck).
Locate the trachea (on the side closest to you), using 2-3 fingers
Slide those fingers into the groove between the trachea and the muscles
at the side of the neck where you can feel the carotid pulse
Feel for at least 5 but no more than 10 seconds, begin CPR starting with
chest impressions if you don’t feel a pulse.
Chest compression rate for adult = 100-120/min
Chest Compression feedback device: can monitor CPR and provide real-time feedback for aspects
such as rate, depth, recoil.
How to open the airway for breaths:
1. Place one hand on the victim’s forehead and push with your palm to tilt the head back
2. Place fingers of the other hand under the bony part of the lower jaw, near the chin.
3. Lift the jaw to bring the chin forward
How to use a pocket mask:
1. Position yourself at the victims side. Place the pocket mask on the victims face, using the
bridge of the nose as a guide for correct positioning
2. Seal the mask against the face.
a. Using your hand that is closer to the top of the victim’s head, place your index finger
and thumb finger along the edges of the mask.
b. Place the thumb of your other hand along the bottom edge of the mask
3. Place the remaining fingers of your second hand along the bony margin of the jaw and lift the
jaw.
a. Perform a head tilt-chin lift to open the airway
4. While you lift the jaw, press firmly and completely around the outside edge of the mask to seal
the pocket mask against the face
5. Deliver each breath over one second
The correct actions to take for scene safety and assessment:
1. Verify scene safety
2. check for responsiveness
3. look for no breathing and only gasping and check for pulse
4. activate the emergency response system and get an AED
How to use a bag mask device: provides positive-pressure ventilation, consists of a bag attached to a
face mask, may include a one way valve.
1. Position yourself directly above the victims head. Place the mask on the victims face, using the
bridge of the nose as a guide for correct position
2. Use the E-C clamp technique
a. Perform a head tilt
b. Place the mask on the face with the narrow portion at the bridge of the nose
, How to use a bag mask device: provides positive-pressure ventilation, consists of a bag attached to a
face mask, may include a one way valve.
1. Position yourself directly above the victims head. Place the mask on the victims face, using the
bridge of the nose as a guide for correct position
2. Use the E-C clamp technique
a. Perform a head tilt
b. Place the mask on the face with the narrow portion at the bridge of the nose
c. Use the thumb and index finger of one hand to make a “C” on the side of the mask,
pressing the edges of the mask to the face
d. Use the remaining fingers to lift the angles of the jaw, open the airway, and press the
face to the mask
3. Squeeze the bag to give breaths while watching for chest rise
a. Deliver each breath over 1 second
b. If there are 2 rescuers:
i. Rescuer 1: positioned directly above the victim, opens
the airways and positions the bag-mask device
ii. Rescuer 2: positioned at the victims side, squeezes the bag
Why and AED is needed:
Two life-threatening arrhythmias that can cause cardiac arrest are:
o Pulseless ventricular tachycardia (pVT)
o Ventricular fibrillation (VF)
Death usually follows unless a normal heart rhythm and pulse are restored within minutes
AED: device that analyzes the heart rhythm to identify the presence of an arrhythmia that can
be corrected by shock. (light weight, simple to operate, uses voice prompts, lights, and on-
screen messages)
How to use:
o power on, follow prompts,
o choose adult pads for victims 8 years+, attach the adhesive AED pads to the victims
bare chest
o when the AED prompts you to, clear the victim during analysis, be sure that NO ONE
IS TOUCHING THE VICTIM—some machines will tell you to push a button, others
will assess automatically. May take a few seconds to analyze
o If the AED advises a shock:
It will charge and tell you again to clear the victim
Clear the victim before delivering a shock, press the SHOCK button, after any
shock delivery, IMMEDIATELY RESUME CPR
If no shock is needed, resume CPR, starting with compressions
o The rescuer operating the AED should clear the victim during analysis and before shock
delivery
After an AED delivers a shock, resume CPR, starting with chest compressions
AED Pad Placement: Adults and children 8yrs and older
1. Anterolateral placement: place one pad directly below the right collarbone
--Place the other pad to the side of the left nipple, with the top edge of the pad
a few inches from the armpit
2. Anteroposterior Placement: one pad on the left side of the chest
halfway between the tip of the breastbone and left nipple.
--place the other pad on the left side of the victims back, under the shoulder
blade, next to the spine
a. Left side of the back, left side of the chest
Minimizing Interruptions While Using an AED
Scene Safety: make sure scene is safe for you/victim
Check for responsiveness: Tap the victims shoulder, shout “are you okay”
If the victim is not responsive, activate the emergency response system via mobile devise, get
the AED or send someone else to do it
Assess for breathing/pulse:
o To minimize delay in starting CPR, you may assess breathing and pulse at the same
time, this should take no more than 10 seconds
To check for breathing, scan the victims chest for rise and fall for no more than
10 seconds
If the victim is not breathing, or is only gasping: Be prepared to begin
high quality CPR. Gasping is not normal breathing and is a sign of
cardiac arrest.
To perform a pulse check on an adult, feel for a carotid pulse (neck).
Locate the trachea (on the side closest to you), using 2-3 fingers
Slide those fingers into the groove between the trachea and the muscles
at the side of the neck where you can feel the carotid pulse
Feel for at least 5 but no more than 10 seconds, begin CPR starting with
chest impressions if you don’t feel a pulse.
Chest compression rate for adult = 100-120/min
Chest Compression feedback device: can monitor CPR and provide real-time feedback for aspects
such as rate, depth, recoil.
How to open the airway for breaths:
1. Place one hand on the victim’s forehead and push with your palm to tilt the head back
2. Place fingers of the other hand under the bony part of the lower jaw, near the chin.
3. Lift the jaw to bring the chin forward
How to use a pocket mask:
1. Position yourself at the victims side. Place the pocket mask on the victims face, using the
bridge of the nose as a guide for correct positioning
2. Seal the mask against the face.
a. Using your hand that is closer to the top of the victim’s head, place your index finger
and thumb finger along the edges of the mask.
b. Place the thumb of your other hand along the bottom edge of the mask
3. Place the remaining fingers of your second hand along the bony margin of the jaw and lift the
jaw.
a. Perform a head tilt-chin lift to open the airway
4. While you lift the jaw, press firmly and completely around the outside edge of the mask to seal
the pocket mask against the face
5. Deliver each breath over one second
The correct actions to take for scene safety and assessment:
1. Verify scene safety
2. check for responsiveness
3. look for no breathing and only gasping and check for pulse
4. activate the emergency response system and get an AED
How to use a bag mask device: provides positive-pressure ventilation, consists of a bag attached to a
face mask, may include a one way valve.
1. Position yourself directly above the victims head. Place the mask on the victims face, using the
bridge of the nose as a guide for correct position
2. Use the E-C clamp technique
a. Perform a head tilt
b. Place the mask on the face with the narrow portion at the bridge of the nose
, How to use a bag mask device: provides positive-pressure ventilation, consists of a bag attached to a
face mask, may include a one way valve.
1. Position yourself directly above the victims head. Place the mask on the victims face, using the
bridge of the nose as a guide for correct position
2. Use the E-C clamp technique
a. Perform a head tilt
b. Place the mask on the face with the narrow portion at the bridge of the nose
c. Use the thumb and index finger of one hand to make a “C” on the side of the mask,
pressing the edges of the mask to the face
d. Use the remaining fingers to lift the angles of the jaw, open the airway, and press the
face to the mask
3. Squeeze the bag to give breaths while watching for chest rise
a. Deliver each breath over 1 second
b. If there are 2 rescuers:
i. Rescuer 1: positioned directly above the victim, opens
the airways and positions the bag-mask device
ii. Rescuer 2: positioned at the victims side, squeezes the bag
Why and AED is needed:
Two life-threatening arrhythmias that can cause cardiac arrest are:
o Pulseless ventricular tachycardia (pVT)
o Ventricular fibrillation (VF)
Death usually follows unless a normal heart rhythm and pulse are restored within minutes
AED: device that analyzes the heart rhythm to identify the presence of an arrhythmia that can
be corrected by shock. (light weight, simple to operate, uses voice prompts, lights, and on-
screen messages)
How to use:
o power on, follow prompts,
o choose adult pads for victims 8 years+, attach the adhesive AED pads to the victims
bare chest
o when the AED prompts you to, clear the victim during analysis, be sure that NO ONE
IS TOUCHING THE VICTIM—some machines will tell you to push a button, others
will assess automatically. May take a few seconds to analyze
o If the AED advises a shock:
It will charge and tell you again to clear the victim
Clear the victim before delivering a shock, press the SHOCK button, after any
shock delivery, IMMEDIATELY RESUME CPR
If no shock is needed, resume CPR, starting with compressions
o The rescuer operating the AED should clear the victim during analysis and before shock
delivery
After an AED delivers a shock, resume CPR, starting with chest compressions
AED Pad Placement: Adults and children 8yrs and older
1. Anterolateral placement: place one pad directly below the right collarbone
--Place the other pad to the side of the left nipple, with the top edge of the pad
a few inches from the armpit
2. Anteroposterior Placement: one pad on the left side of the chest
halfway between the tip of the breastbone and left nipple.
--place the other pad on the left side of the victims back, under the shoulder
blade, next to the spine
a. Left side of the back, left side of the chest
Minimizing Interruptions While Using an AED
