TMC EXAM REVIEW - Part 1 Questions
and Answers Already Passed
What formula is used to determine cardiac output? ✔✔Fick Equation
What is the normal range for cardiac output? ✔✔4-8 LPM
What are the units that measure cardiac index? ✔✔L/min/m^2 (cardiac index = cardiac output /
body surface area) [body surface area for most patients is about 2 m^2]
What is the normal range for cardiac index? ✔✔2-4 L/min/m^2
If a patient is bleeding during bronchoscopy, you would administer _______________ down the
bronchoscope. ✔✔Epinephrine (a vasoconstrictor)
If a patient is coughing during bronchoscopy, you would administer _____________ down the
bronchoscope. ✔✔Lidocaine (a topical anesthetic)
,_______ and _______ are decreased in restriction (less than 80% of predicted) ✔✔TLC (total
lung capacity), VC (vital capacity)
___________ is decreased in obstruction (less than 70% of predicted), so the patient exhales less
than 70% of vital capacity in the first second. ✔✔FEV1/FVC ratio
Name the five main obstructive diseases (CBABE). ✔✔Cystic Fibrosis, Bronchitis, Asthma,
Bronchiectasis, Emphysema
What does PEEP (positive end-expiratory pressure) really do to improve oxygenation? ✔✔It
decreases PA-aO2 (A-a gradient or alveolar to arterial gradient) and increases FRC (functional
residual capacity)
For an acute asthma attack in the E.R., you would recommend _________ and __________.
✔✔Albuterol, Prednisone
For an infant with stridor in the E.R., you would recommend ______________. ✔✔Racemic
Epinephrine
,A transcutaneous oxygen sensor temperature should be ________ degrees Celsius. If the sensor
is burning the infant, move it to another location more frequently (every 2-3 hours). ✔✔44
What is the conversion rate for 80/20 heliox? ✔✔1.8 (multiply the oxygen flow rate by 1.8 to get
the true flow rate reading)
What is the conversion rate for 70/30 heliox? ✔✔1.6 (multiply the oxygen flow rate by 1.6 to get
the true flow rate reading)
What medication would you nebulize for a patient with acetaminophen (Tylenol) overdose?
✔✔N-acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)
Which blood gas value is much lower in a CBG (capillary blood gas) than an ABG? ✔✔pO2
(partial pressure of oxygen) [pO2 = 50 to 60 mmHg for normal value]
Any FiO2 over ______% is considered oxygen toxicity. ✔✔60
After you have increased oxygen administration levels to an FiO2 of 60%, then you must begin
to add _________. ✔✔PEEP (positive end expiratory pressure)
, _______________ is a state that means that one or more of the four iron atoms in the molecule
are in the ferric state, rather than in the ferrous state and are incapable of binding oxygen.
✔✔Methemoglobinemia
_______________ is caused by carbon monoxide poisoning. When this occurs, hemoximetry
and pulse-oximetry read differently. ✔✔Carboxyhemoglobinemia
What type of percussion note is heard in pneumonia, pleural effusion, and an underlying tumor?
✔✔Dull
What type of percussion note is heard with a pneumothorax or emphysema with air-trapping?
✔✔Hyperresonnant
Pneumonia, pleural effusion, and atelectasis are characterized by a __________ in chest
expansion. ✔✔Decrease
__________ fremitus is heard in pneumonia. ✔✔Increased (sound is transmitted more strongly
through a non-air filled lung, there is a loss or a decrease in ventilation)
and Answers Already Passed
What formula is used to determine cardiac output? ✔✔Fick Equation
What is the normal range for cardiac output? ✔✔4-8 LPM
What are the units that measure cardiac index? ✔✔L/min/m^2 (cardiac index = cardiac output /
body surface area) [body surface area for most patients is about 2 m^2]
What is the normal range for cardiac index? ✔✔2-4 L/min/m^2
If a patient is bleeding during bronchoscopy, you would administer _______________ down the
bronchoscope. ✔✔Epinephrine (a vasoconstrictor)
If a patient is coughing during bronchoscopy, you would administer _____________ down the
bronchoscope. ✔✔Lidocaine (a topical anesthetic)
,_______ and _______ are decreased in restriction (less than 80% of predicted) ✔✔TLC (total
lung capacity), VC (vital capacity)
___________ is decreased in obstruction (less than 70% of predicted), so the patient exhales less
than 70% of vital capacity in the first second. ✔✔FEV1/FVC ratio
Name the five main obstructive diseases (CBABE). ✔✔Cystic Fibrosis, Bronchitis, Asthma,
Bronchiectasis, Emphysema
What does PEEP (positive end-expiratory pressure) really do to improve oxygenation? ✔✔It
decreases PA-aO2 (A-a gradient or alveolar to arterial gradient) and increases FRC (functional
residual capacity)
For an acute asthma attack in the E.R., you would recommend _________ and __________.
✔✔Albuterol, Prednisone
For an infant with stridor in the E.R., you would recommend ______________. ✔✔Racemic
Epinephrine
,A transcutaneous oxygen sensor temperature should be ________ degrees Celsius. If the sensor
is burning the infant, move it to another location more frequently (every 2-3 hours). ✔✔44
What is the conversion rate for 80/20 heliox? ✔✔1.8 (multiply the oxygen flow rate by 1.8 to get
the true flow rate reading)
What is the conversion rate for 70/30 heliox? ✔✔1.6 (multiply the oxygen flow rate by 1.6 to get
the true flow rate reading)
What medication would you nebulize for a patient with acetaminophen (Tylenol) overdose?
✔✔N-acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)
Which blood gas value is much lower in a CBG (capillary blood gas) than an ABG? ✔✔pO2
(partial pressure of oxygen) [pO2 = 50 to 60 mmHg for normal value]
Any FiO2 over ______% is considered oxygen toxicity. ✔✔60
After you have increased oxygen administration levels to an FiO2 of 60%, then you must begin
to add _________. ✔✔PEEP (positive end expiratory pressure)
, _______________ is a state that means that one or more of the four iron atoms in the molecule
are in the ferric state, rather than in the ferrous state and are incapable of binding oxygen.
✔✔Methemoglobinemia
_______________ is caused by carbon monoxide poisoning. When this occurs, hemoximetry
and pulse-oximetry read differently. ✔✔Carboxyhemoglobinemia
What type of percussion note is heard in pneumonia, pleural effusion, and an underlying tumor?
✔✔Dull
What type of percussion note is heard with a pneumothorax or emphysema with air-trapping?
✔✔Hyperresonnant
Pneumonia, pleural effusion, and atelectasis are characterized by a __________ in chest
expansion. ✔✔Decrease
__________ fremitus is heard in pneumonia. ✔✔Increased (sound is transmitted more strongly
through a non-air filled lung, there is a loss or a decrease in ventilation)
