Bontrager Ch. 8 Actual Questions With Answers

Bontrager Ch. 8 Actual Questions With Answers On average, how many separate b ones make up the adult vertebral column? - ANSWER - 26 The spinal cord tapers off to a point distally at the vertebral level of: a. lower L5. b. L2 -3 intervertebral space. c. L1 -L2. d. L4 -5 intervertebral space. - ANSWER - c. L1 -L2. Which of the following is the first compensatory spinal curvature to develop in the young child? a. Sacral b. Cervical c. Thoracic d. None of the above - ANSWER - b. Cervical Scoliosis is defined as abnormal or exaggerated: a. "swayback" lumbar curvature. b. convex curvature. c. lateral curvature. d. concave curvature. - ANSWER - c. lateral curvature. Kyphosis is defined as: a. normal or abnormal lumbar swayback curvature. b. abnormal thoracic curvature with increased convexity. c. normal compensatory curve of thoracic spine. d. normal or abnormal convex sacral curvature. - ANSWER - b. abnormal thoracic curvature with increased convexity. The bony structures connected directly to the vertebral body are the: a. transverse processes. b. pedicles. c. laminae. d. articular processes. - ANSWER - b. pedicles. The most posterior aspect of a typical vertebra is the: a. pedicle. b. lamina. c. spinous process. d. body. - ANSWER - c. spinous process. The joints between articular processes of vertebra are termed: a. zygapophyseal joints. b. synarthrodial joints. c. intervertebral joints. d. fibrous joints - ANSWER - a. zygapophyseal joints. Which of the following thoracic vertebra(e) possess no facets for costotransverse joints? a. T1 b. T11 -12 c. None of the above d. T10 -12 - ANSWER - b. T11 -12 The zygapophyseal joints for the typical cervical vertebra lie at an angle of ____ in relation to the midsagittal plane. a. 70 to 75 degrees b. 60 degrees c. 90 degrees d. 45 degrees - ANSWER - c. 90 degrees The most promine nt aspect of the thyroid carilage corresponds to the vertebral level of: a. C1 -2. b. C4 -6. c. C6 -7. d. C7 -T1. - ANSWER - b. C4 -6. The zygapophyseal joints for the thoracic spine lie at an angle of ____ in relation to the midsagittal plane. a. 90 degrees b. 70 to 75 degrees c. 45 degrees d. 60 degree - ANSWER - b. 70 to 75 degrees T2-3 intervertebral disk space is found at the level of the: a. 2 inches (5 cm) below the jugular notch. b. jugular notch. c. xiphoid process. d. sternal angle. - ANSWER - b. jugular notch. The gonion corresponds to the level of: a. C7. b. C1. c. C4 -5. d. C3. - ANSWER - d. C3. The xiphoid process corresponds to the vertebral level of: a. T8 b. T10 c. T7 d. T12 - ANSWER - b. T10 Along with increas ing the source image receptor distance (SID), what other factor(s) will improve spatial resolution for lateral and oblique projections of the cervical spine? a. using a small focal spot b. using a large focal spot c. collimation d. none of the above - ANSW ER- a. using a small focal spot Along with the upper incisors, what other bony landmarks must be aligned for the AP open -mouth projection? a. Base of skull b. Tip of mandible c. Inferior margin of lower incisors d. Thyroid cartilage - ANSWER - a. Base of skull How much CR angulation is required for the AP axial projection for the cervical spine? a. CR is perpendicular to the image receptor b. 5 to 10 degrees cephalad c. 15 to 20 degrees cephalad d. 15 to 20 degree s caudad - ANSWER - c. 15 to 20 degrees cephalad Why are the anterior oblique projections (RAO/LAO) preferred over the posterior oblique projections of the cervical spine? a. More comfortable for the patient b. Less thyroid and breast dose c. Prevent overl ap of the mandible over the spine d. Place the zygapophyseal joints closer to the image receptor - ANSWER - b. Less thyroid and breast dose Which of the following positions will demonstrate the left intervertebral foramina of the cervical spine? a. RAO b. LPO c. Lateral d. LAO - ANSWER - a. RAO Which of the following positions will best demonstrate the zygapophyseal joints of the cervical spine? a. AP axial b. Posterior obliques c. Lateral d. Anterior obliques - ANSWER - c. Lateral