Medical-Surgery Nursing Examination

Medical-Surgery Nursing Exam What is med-surg nursing mainly concerned with? - Answer- tertiary prevention What is primary prevention? - Answer- no disease or injury is present What are examples of primary prevention? - Answer- -vaccines -healthy diet -regular exercise What is secondary prevention? - Answer- early detection and treatment before disease becomes symptomatic, no symptoms What are examples of secondary prevention? - Answer- -mammograms -colonoscopy -pap smear -digital rectal exams Secondary prevention can sometimes be primary prevention. True or false. - Answer- false, secondary prevention can NEVER be primary prevention What is tertiary prevention? - Answer- preventing complications of established disease or injury, symptoms present What are examples of tertiary prevention? - Answer- surgical tumor resection A nurse just receives a patient on arrival at the med-surg unit after discharge from the post-anesthesia care unit. What should they assess on the patient? - Answer- T: temperature I: IV fluids M: mental status S: surgical incision site T: tubes & drains A: airway B: breathing S: skin C: cardiovascular status What are the risks associated with general anesthesia? - Answer- H: hypotension A: airway compromise R: respiratory depression D: delirium What are examples of regional anesthesia? - Answer- -nerve block -spinal -epidural What are risks associated with regional anesthesia? - Answer- -hypotension -hematoma -infection -spinal headache What is the most critical assessment to perform after surgery? - Answer- respiratory What should you look for PostOp related to fluids & blood loss? - Answer- -diuresis -edema -hyper/hypovolemia -hemoglobin/hematocrit -vital signs What is a measurement of how well a patient's pain is managed PostOp? - Answer- how mobile and participatory they are What is the most likely source of a pulmonary embolism? - Answer- a thrombus that formed in the femoral vein Describe the process of normal ventilation. - Answer- the diaphragm drops and the chest expands causing negative pressure to draw into the lungs What is the underlying cause of wheezing heard in the lungs during inhalation? - Answer- narrowed airways What is the therapeutic effect of inhaled beta agonist medications? - Answer- bronchodilation What is the main lung dysfunction associated with emphysema? - Answer- breakdown of elastin and loss of lung tissue recoil What is the underlying cause of respiratory acidosis? - Answer- hypoventilation What causes the lung collapse associated with pneumonia? - Answer- air entering the pleural space What are the components of minute ventilation? - Answer- respiratory rate and tidal volume What is the therapeutic effect of inhaled muscarinic antagonist medications? - Answer- bronchodilation