FUMDAMENTS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY

, CHEMISTRY
NMDCAT
Lecture # 1

(Fundamental Principles of
Organic Chemistry)

, Contents:
• Fundamental Principles of Organic Chemistry:
• Classification of organic compound
• Isomerism
• Learning Outcomes
• Define organic chemistry and organic compounds.
• Classify organic compounds on structural basis.
• Explain that organic compounds are also synthesized
the laboratory.
• Define functional group.
• Explain isomerism and its types.

, • Introduction (Organic Chemistry):
“The branch of chemistry which deals with the study of compounds of car
hydrogen (hydrocarbons) and their derivatives is called organic chemistry.”

• Old and Modern Concepts about Synthesis of Organic Comp
Synthesis of Organic Compounds
Old Concept Modern Concept
• This concept was put forward by Berzelius in 1807. • This concept was put forward by a Germa
• In the old days it was believed that organic compounds Friedrick Wohler in 1828.
can only be obtained from living organisms as they • According to the modern concept
possess a super-natural force called vital force. compounds can be obtained not only
• This theory is called vital force theory. According to this organisms but they can also be synthesi
theory the vital force is possessed only by living laboratory.
organisms and such compounds cannot be obtained or • Friedrick Wohler synthesized urea by h
synthesized in the laboratory from other compounds but inorganic compound ammonium cyanate.
H eat
can be made only by living organisms. (old Concept) NH4CNO     CO(NH2)2
Ammonium Cyanate Urea
• With the help of this experiment he disp
vital force theory concept.