NTA Modules 7-12 Final Exam

NTA Modules 7-12 Final Big idea of mineral balance - Answer- Calcium is a game of cofactors: - Systemic pH - Hormonal function - Hydration - Other minerals - Vitamins - Fatty acids - Digestion Almost everyone gets enough calcium, they are missing the cofactors that allow the body to absorb/use it. bone remodeling - Answer- ongoing replacement of old bone tissue by new bone tissue Building bone: Osteoblast - bone forming cells that convert cartilage to bone Osteocyte - primary bone cells that maintain bone tissue Destroying bone: Osteoclast - bone destroying cells that function in resorption calcium homeostasis - Answer- Bone helps to buffer the pH level of the blood - when blood pH level falls (becomes too acidic), calcium is released from bone and deposited into blood - when blood pH level rises (becomes too alkaline) calcium is deposited into bone from blood * calcium is an alkaline substance, phosphorus is acidfier blood calcium regulation - Answer- Blood calcium level decreases due to some stimulus Parathyroid gland detects change and increases release of Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) PTH triggers increase in osteoclast activity, which moves more calcium into the blood. Also decreases calcium loss in the urine and pulls calcium from digestion. Priority in blood calcium regulation - Answer- The order is: blood soft tissue/muscle bones - excess calcium goes from blood to tissue to bones - when deficient in calcium goes from bones to tissue to blood. functions of zinc - Answer- - essential for production of stomach acid - important for synthesis of cholesterol, fats and proteins - regulates release of Vitamin A from liver - critical for cell growth and cellular replication of DHA - essential for skin and bone integrity - necessary for prostrate health - required for optimal function of the immune system - essential cofactor for EFA metabolism and synthesis - needed for taste perception depleted by: - stress - refined carbs - coffee and other caffeinated beverages - alcohol - sexual activity in men big idea of hydration - Answer- Water is the most common nutritional deficiency in the American population Early signs of dehydration - Answer- - Fatigue - anxiety - irritability - depression - cravings - cramps - headaches Mature signs of dehydration - Answer- - Heartburn - joint pain - back pain - migraines - fibromyalgia - constipation - colitis