CPPS Exam 2023 Questions with correct Answers
What is a BIT? - (correct answer)The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It
can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no, black or white.
What is a color profile? - (correct answer)A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of
equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color
Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
What does "photomacrograph" or "macrophotograph" mean? - (correct answer)Close-ups that are
life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
What is gamut? - (correct answer)The entire range of colors that can be seen, reproduced, or
captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
What are the effects of top lighting? - (correct answer)Creates deep shadows in eye pockets, under
nose, and chin.
What are the effects of high side lighting? - (correct answer)With the Main at 45 degrees to one side
and 45 degrees above subject, it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and
models the face into 3D form.
How can you change the brightness of the background when using flash? - (correct answer)Change
the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed, the lighter the background will be. The faster the
shutter speed, the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
What is interpolated resolution? - (correct answer)On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like
in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
Digital cameras use what set of primary colors? - (correct answer)Additive (R, G, B)
What do the bars on the left of a histogram represent? - (correct answer)Black (0)
What do the bars on the right of a histogram represent? - (correct answer)White (255)
The area of acceptable sharpness in an image is called what? - (correct answer)Depth of field
What is a derivative file? - (correct answer)A RAW file that has been altered
What kind of lighting pattern is useful to widen a subject? - (correct answer)Broad lighting
What kind of lighting patter is useful to narrow a face? - (correct answer)Short lighting
As the aperture is stopped down, what happens to sharpness? - (correct answer)More of the
background and foreground are sharp.
Why is depth of field greater on a short lens versus a long lens? - (correct answer)Relative aperture.
The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce
the same f-stops.
What is focal length, technically? - (correct answer)The distance between the lens rear nodal point
and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
Focal length controls what? - (correct answer)1) Magnification, or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of
view
, A normal (or standard) focal length lens approximates what? - (correct answer)The impression
human vision gives
What determines what will be a 'normal' focal length lens on a particular camera? - (correct
answer)Sensor size - the larger the sensor size, the longer the focal length of a normal lens.
(Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
What does side lighting emphasize? - (correct answer)emphasizes textures
To minimize facial wrinkles, this type of lighting is best - (correct answer)Front lighting
What are IPTC fields used for? - (correct answer)Metadata fields that hold info on photographer,
subject, and use.
An in-camera reflected meter reading a very light toned scene indicates an exposure of 1/250th at
f/8. For a correct exposure, what should you do? - (correct answer)Use positive exposure
compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray -
employ overexposure to adjust.
An incident-exposure reading for a fair-skinned subject reads f/8, 1/125th at 100 ISO. The next
subject is very dark skinned. What is the proper exposure for the second subject? - (correct
answer)No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well.
Move the lights to adjust.
What is the general rule of thumb for the measurement of a 'normal' lens? - (correct answer)The
diagonal measurement of the sensor.
What kind of light will be produced when using a large white umbrella close to a subject? - (correct
answer)flat, low contrast light
This technique allows you to keep a subject that is moving toward you well focused - (correct
answer)Follow focus
How does 'unsharp mask' work? - (correct answer)It emphasizes the edges between tones. A
threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal
difference and minimizes noise.
What is the CCD or CMOS sensor? - (correct answer)The sensor that converts the image from analog
to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide
semiconductor
What does a neutral density filter do? - (correct answer)Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths
of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color
balance.
What is the effect of front lighting? - (correct answer)Flattens out the volume of the subject and
minimizes textures
What kind of film can help reduce haze in a landscape? - (correct answer)Infrared
Going clockwise around the color wheel, starting with RED, what is the progression of colors? -
(correct answer)Red, Yellow, Green, Cyan, Blue, Magenta
Generally, traditional portraits use what lighting ratio? - (correct answer)3:1 or 4:1
What is a BIT? - (correct answer)The smallest unit of information consisting of either a 1 or a zero. It
can only represent two possibilities - either yes or no, black or white.
What is a color profile? - (correct answer)A mathematical translator assigned to each piece of
equipment you use (they map one gamut to another; and the ICC (or International Color
Consortium) profile is usually shipped by the equipment manufacturer).
What does "photomacrograph" or "macrophotograph" mean? - (correct answer)Close-ups that are
life-size or larger. Images through microscopes are "photomicrographs."
What is gamut? - (correct answer)The entire range of colors that can be seen, reproduced, or
captured. Our eyes have a greater gamut than a print or monitor.
What are the effects of top lighting? - (correct answer)Creates deep shadows in eye pockets, under
nose, and chin.
What are the effects of high side lighting? - (correct answer)With the Main at 45 degrees to one side
and 45 degrees above subject, it is a classic angle for portraits. It seems natural and flattering and
models the face into 3D form.
How can you change the brightness of the background when using flash? - (correct answer)Change
the shutter speed. The longer the shutter speed, the lighter the background will be. The faster the
shutter speed, the darker the background will be because less existing light is captured.
What is interpolated resolution? - (correct answer)On a scanner; it guesses what the pixels look like
in between the ones the scanner can actually measure.
Digital cameras use what set of primary colors? - (correct answer)Additive (R, G, B)
What do the bars on the left of a histogram represent? - (correct answer)Black (0)
What do the bars on the right of a histogram represent? - (correct answer)White (255)
The area of acceptable sharpness in an image is called what? - (correct answer)Depth of field
What is a derivative file? - (correct answer)A RAW file that has been altered
What kind of lighting pattern is useful to widen a subject? - (correct answer)Broad lighting
What kind of lighting patter is useful to narrow a face? - (correct answer)Short lighting
As the aperture is stopped down, what happens to sharpness? - (correct answer)More of the
background and foreground are sharp.
Why is depth of field greater on a short lens versus a long lens? - (correct answer)Relative aperture.
The opening on a long lens must be larger than a corresponding opening on a short lens to produce
the same f-stops.
What is focal length, technically? - (correct answer)The distance between the lens rear nodal point
and the focal plane when the lens is focused at infinity.
Focal length controls what? - (correct answer)1) Magnification, or the size of the subject; 2) Angle of
view
, A normal (or standard) focal length lens approximates what? - (correct answer)The impression
human vision gives
What determines what will be a 'normal' focal length lens on a particular camera? - (correct
answer)Sensor size - the larger the sensor size, the longer the focal length of a normal lens.
(Corresponds to a diagonal line across the frame)
What does side lighting emphasize? - (correct answer)emphasizes textures
To minimize facial wrinkles, this type of lighting is best - (correct answer)Front lighting
What are IPTC fields used for? - (correct answer)Metadata fields that hold info on photographer,
subject, and use.
An in-camera reflected meter reading a very light toned scene indicates an exposure of 1/250th at
f/8. For a correct exposure, what should you do? - (correct answer)Use positive exposure
compensation (overexposure). A reflected meter reading will attempt to make the scene 18% gray -
employ overexposure to adjust.
An incident-exposure reading for a fair-skinned subject reads f/8, 1/125th at 100 ISO. The next
subject is very dark skinned. What is the proper exposure for the second subject? - (correct
answer)No change. The EXPOSURE doesn't change or it would also change the background as well.
Move the lights to adjust.
What is the general rule of thumb for the measurement of a 'normal' lens? - (correct answer)The
diagonal measurement of the sensor.
What kind of light will be produced when using a large white umbrella close to a subject? - (correct
answer)flat, low contrast light
This technique allows you to keep a subject that is moving toward you well focused - (correct
answer)Follow focus
How does 'unsharp mask' work? - (correct answer)It emphasizes the edges between tones. A
threshold of zero affects all pixels - a higher threshold affects just the edges with high tonal
difference and minimizes noise.
What is the CCD or CMOS sensor? - (correct answer)The sensor that converts the image from analog
to digital (1's and 0's) CCD=charge coupled device; CMOS=complementary metal-oxide
semiconductor
What does a neutral density filter do? - (correct answer)Absorbs equal quantities of all wavelengths
of light. It allows you to use wider apertures or slower shutter speeds without changing color
balance.
What is the effect of front lighting? - (correct answer)Flattens out the volume of the subject and
minimizes textures
What kind of film can help reduce haze in a landscape? - (correct answer)Infrared
Going clockwise around the color wheel, starting with RED, what is the progression of colors? -
(correct answer)Red, Yellow, Green, Cyan, Blue, Magenta
Generally, traditional portraits use what lighting ratio? - (correct answer)3:1 or 4:1
