PSY 120 Final Exam – Hollich Questions With Complete Solutions

A "bright" 6-year-old might have a mental age of... a. 4 b. 5 c. 6 d. 7 correct answer: d Type of intelligence involving learned facts and material? a. kinesthetic b. multiple c. crystallized d. fluid correct answer: c According to Rovee-Collier, without cueing, 2mo-olds will remember mobiles for 2-3? a. hours b. days c. weeks d. months correct answer: b memory for life events: a. autobiographical b. lexical c. scripted d. none of the above correct answer: a The last item is most important a. primacy effect b. cardinality principle c. stable order principle d. one-to-one principle correct answer: b complex emotions a. do not differ across cultures b. include guilt, embarrassment, and pride c. contain 3 components: feeling, physiology, and behavior d. are often reciprocated correct answer: b Emotional interpretation is separate and simultaneous with physiological arousal a. cannon-bard b. singer-schacter c. james-lange d. getty-paul correct answer: b In the strange situation experiment, when Angela's mother leaves the room, Angela doesn't become upset. When her mother returns, Angela doesn't acknowledge her. This is an example of? a. resistant attachment b. disorganized attachment c. secure attachment d. avoidant attachment correct answer: d What level of need has the lowest priority (being met only after all others)? a. physiological b. love/belonging c. safety d. self-actualization e. esteem correct answer: d Feeling happy when you hear the sound of a text message. a. unconditioned stimulus b. conditioned stimulus c. unconditioned response d. conditioned response correct answer: d Any action that increases behavior. a. reinforcement b. punishment c. unconditioned stimulus d. conditioned stimulus correct answer: a Occurring most often during the college years, James Marcia termed the active struggle necessary for identity formation? a. diffusion b. moratorium c. foreclosure d. achievement correct answer: a According to Piaget's theory of moral development, 5- to 7- year old children are in this stage believe that rules are created by wise adults, and, therefore, must be followed and cannot be changed. a. moral relativism b. preconventional reasoning c. immanent justice d. moral realism correct answer: a At which level of Kohlberg's moral reasoning is reasoning governed by universal moral principles? a. postconventional level b. quasiconventional level c. preconventional level d. conventional level correct answer: a What birth order tends to be the most social? a. only born b. first born c. later born d. middle children correct answer: c When being in a group makes you exert LESS effort. a. social facilitation b. social loafing c. social inhibition d. groupthink correct answer: b Level of Ecological Systems Theory that includes all the direct effects on a person. a. microsystem b. mesosystem c. exosystem d. macrosystem correct answer: a The research suggest that when we watch lots of violent programs, what happens? a. tendency toward violent behavior goes up b. tendency toward violent behavior goes down c. we develop mean world beliefs d. effects are strongest if we identify with the victims correct answer: a In what stage of the general adaptation syndrome is the organism most likely to burnout? a. alarm b. resistance c. exhaustion d. fight-or-flight correct answer: c Negative effects of stress are most likely to be experienced when an event is perceived as? a. negative, but it is likely to affect one's friends rather than oneself b. challenging c. confusing d. threatening, and no clear options for dealing with it are apparent correct answer: d stage where kids are egocentric: a)sensorimotor b) preoperational c) concrete operations d) formal operations correct answer: b changing your scheme based on new experiences: a) constructivism b) assimilation c) accommodation d) centration correct answer: c when a teacher talks a child through solving a puzzle: a) scaffolding b) zone of proximal development c) private speech d) Hebb's rule correct answer: a Relative to those with low levels of social support, individuals with high levels of social support? a. are more likely to develop asthma b. tend to have less perceived control c. are more likely to develop cardiovascular disorders d. tend to tolerate stress well correct answer: d Systematically studying a problem and figuring out an algorithmic solution? A. Binet B. Analytical ability C. Spatial intelligence D. Flynn correct answer: b Identified children as smart or dull? A. Binet B. Analytical ability C. Spatial intelligence D. Flynn correct answer: a IQ scores have been rising over time? A. Binet B. Analytical ability C. Spatial intelligence D. Flynn correct answer: d Able to perceive object in "minds eye" and accurately predict transformations? A. Binet B. Analytical ability C. Spatial intelligence D. Flynn correct answer: c Faster and longer re-learning of memorized material? A. Elaboration B. Primacy effect C. Savings Effect D. Method of Loci correct answer: c Adding details (especially odd or striking) to make something more memorable? A. Elaboration B. Primacy effect C. Savings Effect D. Method of Loci correct answer: a Tendency to remember the first item in a list? A. Elaboration B. Primacy effect C. Savings Effect D. Method of Loci correct answer: b Associating items with places in your mental palace? A. Elaboration B. Primacy effect C. Savings Effect D. Method of Loci correct answer: d Type of memory loss when can't form new memories but remember the past? A. Anterograde B. Retrograde C. Prospective D. Autobiographical correct answer: a Care about details and getting things done: dutiful, exacting? A. Internal Working Model B. Self-actualization C. Conscientiousness correct answer: c Ideas about what parents are good for: can they be relied on? A. Internal Working Model B. Self-actualization C. Conscientiousness correct answer: a Children cannot be comforted when reunited with parent: A. Internal Working Model B. Self-actualization C. Conscientiousness correct answer: b Emotions involve all of the following EXCEPT: a.Cognitive Feeling b.Physiological changes c.Behavior d.Aerosmith correct answer: d Body reactions precede and drive subjective experience of emotion a.Common Sense theory b.James-Lange theory c.Cannon-Bard theory d.Schacter-Singer theory correct answer: b Salivation (in response to food): a.CS b.US c.UR d.CR correct answer: c Salivation (in response to bell): a.CS b.US c.UR d.CR correct answer: d Training a pigeon to read: a.Classical Conditioning b.Operant Conditioning c.Observational Learning d.Reverse Psychology correct answer: b Adding something to increase behavior. a.Positive Reinforcement b.Negative Reinforcement c.Positive Punishment d.Negative Punishment correct answer: a Last drive to be met, according to Maslow (only after others have been met). a. Safety b. Esteem c. Physiological d. Belonging correct answer: b Phase of job search where you try to get hired? A. Diffusion B. Delayed Gratification C. Preconventional D. Implementation correct answer: d Tested via the marshmallow task and correlated with distractibility and the SATs? A. Diffusion B. Delayed Gratification C. Preconventional D. Implementation correct answer: b Level of identity development where person has not made any commitment to set of beliefs? A. Diffusion B. Delayed Gratification C. Preconventional D. Implementation correct answer: a Kohlberg' s level of moral development that's all about rewards and punishment? A. Diffusion B. Delayed Gratification C. Preconventional D. Implementation correct answer: c Type of aggression using words and gossip instead of fists? A. Instrumental Aggression B. Reactive Aggression C. Relational Aggression D. Physical Aggression correct answer: c example of erikson's stage of autonomy vs shame: a) learning to dress yourself b) finding a significant other c) regretting the past d) finding your purpose correct answer: c Happens when you lie for $1 versus $20? A. Diffusion of responsibility B. Cognitive dissonance C. Social Loafing D. Crowd correct answer: b Putting out less effort when in a group? A. Diffusion of responsibility B. Cognitive dissonance C. Social Loafing D. Crowd correct answer: c Not helping because you figure someone else will? A. Diffusion of responsibility B. Cognitive dissonance C. Social Loafing D. Crowd correct answer: a Large group of people with similar opinions, feelings, and values? A. Diffusion of responsibility B. Cognitive dissonance C. Social Loafing D. Crowd correct answer: d According to Asch's study of group conformity (with lines), all of the following increase conformity EXCEPT: a.You are made to feel more competent. b.The group has three or more people c.The group is unanimous. d.Your response is public. correct answer: a Urie Bronfenbrenner suggested that THIS is affects us directly? A. Desensitization B. Microsystem C. Obsessive Compulsive Disorder D. Bipolar Disorder correct answer: b Watching too much TV can lead to Mean World Beliefs and THIS? A. Desensitization B. Microsystem C. Obsessive Compulsive Disorder D. Bipolar Disorder correct answer: a Lithium is often used to treat THIS? A. Desensitization B. Microsystem C. Obsessive Compulsive Disorder D. Bipolar Disorder correct answer: d THIS is a type of anxiety disorder? A. Desensitization B. Microsystem C. Obsessive Compulsive Disorder D. Bipolar Disorder correct answer: c Psychologists and psychiatrists rely on THIS to diagnose and classify mental disorders? A. The DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual) B. The PDR (Physician's Desk Reference) C. The UPI (Universal Personality Index) D. The SPP (Self-Perception Profile) correct answer: a Leads to getting out of the hospital quicker? A. Cognitive Appraisal B. Alarm C. Optimism D. Perceived Control correct answer: c According to Selye, when organism mobilizes to meet threat? A. Cognitive Appraisal B. Alarm C. Optimism D. Perceived Control correct answer: b All of the following have been shown to help with coping EXCEPT A. optimism B. hardiness C. negative affectivity D. social support correct answer: c what are the stages of piaget and explain them? correct answer: sensorimotor = (birth-about 24 months) the youngest infants were slaves to what they can see, hear, smell, taste, and touch or manipulate preoperational = (2-7 years) children have developed some sense of symbolic reasoning (using language to refer to things), but they still make laughable errors concrete operational = (7-11 years) children can solve the conservation problem, because they can mentally picture the reversibility of events and are developing their math and academic skills and the ability to do other other mental operations formal operational = (11-adulthood) all about thinking hypothetically and in abstractions