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CONTENTS
Introduction xiv
CHAPTER 1 Cardiovascular System 1
How the Cardiovascular System Works 3
Just the Facts 4
Aortic Aneurysm 4
Angina (Angina Pectoris) 7
Myocardial Infarction (MI) 11
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 15
Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) 18
Cardiac Tamponade 21
Cardiogenic Shock 23
Cardiomyopathy 26
Endocarditis 29
Heart Failure [Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)] 31
Hypertension (HTN) 35
Hypovolemic Shock 38
Myocarditis 41
Pericarditis 42
Pulmonary Edema 45
Raynaud’s Disease 47
Rheumatic Heart Disease 49
Thrombophlebitis 51
Atrial Fibrillation 53
Asystole 56
,viii Medical-Surgical Nursing Demystified
Ventricular Fibrillation 58
Ventricular Tachycardia 59
Aortic Insufficiency (AI) 62
Mitral Insufficiency 63
Mitral Stenosis 65
Mitral Valve Prolapse 67
Tricuspid Insufficiency 69
Crucial Diagnostic Tests 71
Quiz 82
CHAPTER 2 Respiratory System 85
How the Respiratory System Works 86
Just the Facts 87
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) 87
Asbestosis 91
Asthma 93
Atelectasis 96
Bronchiectasis 99
Bronchitis 101
Cor Pulmonale 104
Emphysema 107
Lung Cancer 110
Pleural Effusion 113
Pneumonia 115
Pneumothorax 118
Respiratory Acidosis 120
Tuberculosis (TB) 122
Acute Respiratory Failure 124
Pulmonary Embolism 127
Influenza 130
Crucial Diagnostic Tests 132
Quiz 140
CHAPTER 3 Immune System 143
How the Immune System Works 144
Just the Facts 145
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) 145
Anaphylaxis 147
Ankylosing Spondylitis 149
, Contents ix
Kaposi’s Sarcoma(KS) 151
Lymphoma 153
Rheumatoid Arthritis 155
Scleroderma 157
Mononucleosis 159
Epstein-Barr Virus/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome 160
Lyme Disease 162
Septic Shock 163
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) 165
Crucial Diagnostic Tests 167
Quiz 171
CHAPTER 4 Hematologic System 175
How the Hematologic System Works 176
Just the Facts 177
Anemia 177
Aplastic Anemia (Pancytopenia) 179
Iron Deficiency Anemia 181
Pernicious Anemia 183
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) 185
Hemophilia 187
Leukemia 189
Multiple Myeloma 192
Polycythemia Vera 194
Sickle Cell Anemia 197
Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) 199
Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP) 201
Crucial Diagnostic Tests 203
Quiz 206
CHAPTER 5 Nervous System 209
How the Nervous System Works 210
Just the Facts 212
Head Injury 212
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) 216
Bell’s Palsy 218
Brain Abscess 219
Brain Tumor 222
Cerebral Aneurysm 225
CONTENTS
Introduction xiv
CHAPTER 1 Cardiovascular System 1
How the Cardiovascular System Works 3
Just the Facts 4
Aortic Aneurysm 4
Angina (Angina Pectoris) 7
Myocardial Infarction (MI) 11
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 15
Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) 18
Cardiac Tamponade 21
Cardiogenic Shock 23
Cardiomyopathy 26
Endocarditis 29
Heart Failure [Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)] 31
Hypertension (HTN) 35
Hypovolemic Shock 38
Myocarditis 41
Pericarditis 42
Pulmonary Edema 45
Raynaud’s Disease 47
Rheumatic Heart Disease 49
Thrombophlebitis 51
Atrial Fibrillation 53
Asystole 56
,viii Medical-Surgical Nursing Demystified
Ventricular Fibrillation 58
Ventricular Tachycardia 59
Aortic Insufficiency (AI) 62
Mitral Insufficiency 63
Mitral Stenosis 65
Mitral Valve Prolapse 67
Tricuspid Insufficiency 69
Crucial Diagnostic Tests 71
Quiz 82
CHAPTER 2 Respiratory System 85
How the Respiratory System Works 86
Just the Facts 87
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) 87
Asbestosis 91
Asthma 93
Atelectasis 96
Bronchiectasis 99
Bronchitis 101
Cor Pulmonale 104
Emphysema 107
Lung Cancer 110
Pleural Effusion 113
Pneumonia 115
Pneumothorax 118
Respiratory Acidosis 120
Tuberculosis (TB) 122
Acute Respiratory Failure 124
Pulmonary Embolism 127
Influenza 130
Crucial Diagnostic Tests 132
Quiz 140
CHAPTER 3 Immune System 143
How the Immune System Works 144
Just the Facts 145
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) 145
Anaphylaxis 147
Ankylosing Spondylitis 149
, Contents ix
Kaposi’s Sarcoma(KS) 151
Lymphoma 153
Rheumatoid Arthritis 155
Scleroderma 157
Mononucleosis 159
Epstein-Barr Virus/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome 160
Lyme Disease 162
Septic Shock 163
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) 165
Crucial Diagnostic Tests 167
Quiz 171
CHAPTER 4 Hematologic System 175
How the Hematologic System Works 176
Just the Facts 177
Anemia 177
Aplastic Anemia (Pancytopenia) 179
Iron Deficiency Anemia 181
Pernicious Anemia 183
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) 185
Hemophilia 187
Leukemia 189
Multiple Myeloma 192
Polycythemia Vera 194
Sickle Cell Anemia 197
Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) 199
Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP) 201
Crucial Diagnostic Tests 203
Quiz 206
CHAPTER 5 Nervous System 209
How the Nervous System Works 210
Just the Facts 212
Head Injury 212
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) 216
Bell’s Palsy 218
Brain Abscess 219
Brain Tumor 222
Cerebral Aneurysm 225
