Hilliard Patho 370 WEEK 1/2 Quiz VERIFIED SOLUTIONS 2023/2024

Hilliard Patho 370 WEEK 1/2 Quiz VERIFIED SOLUTIONS 2023/2024 Tertiary Prevention Examples - ANSWER Counseling on medication Latent period - ANSWER may or may not have signs/symptoms signs/symptoms become mild, silent, or disappear Prodromal Period - ANSWER time during which first signs and/or symptoms appear indicating onset of disease (have signs/symptoms) Endemic - ANSWER native to a local region Subclinical - ANSWER patient functions normally; disease processes are well established has a disease but is being managed through meds etc already diagnosed but not showing sing/symptoms (ex: hypertension) Primary Prevention Examples - ANSWER Vaccinations Patient education (do before disease develops) Allostasis - ANSWER Overall process of adaptive change necessary to maintain survival and homeostasis Hormones secreted during stress response - ANSWER Norepinephrine Epinephrine Aldosterone Cortisol Endorphins Enkephalins Immune Cytokines Prolactin Growth Oxytocin Seyle's Three Phases of Stress - ANSWER Alarm Stage Resistance/Adaptation Exhaustion Sympathetic Nervous system mediated by - ANSWER Norepinephrine Epinephrine Intracellular Accumulation - ANSWER Faulty Metabolism (fatty liver) Atrophy - ANSWER decreased cell size Hypertrophy - ANSWER increased cell size Hyperplasia - ANSWER increased cell number Metaplasia - ANSWER conversion of one cell type to another Dysplasia - ANSWER disorderly growth Coagulative Necrosis - ANSWER begins with ischemia ends with degradation of plasma membrane black and dry Liquefactive - ANSWER occurs with dissolution of dead cells formation of abscess or cyst from dissolves dead tissue soft appearance common internally (brain/intestine) Fat - ANSWER death of adipose tissue Result of trauma or pancreatitis appears chalky white area of tissue (breast, pancreas; multiple spots) Caseous - ANSWER characteristic of lung damage secondary to tb resembles clumpy cheese Apoptosis - ANSWER cellular death Side effects of chemotherapy - ANSWER attacks cancer and normal cells Epithelial and blood cells -Red blood cells (*anemia) -white blood cells (*prone to infections) -platelets (*bleeding) -Epithelial lining of stomach (*nausea) "-oma" - ANSWER suffix indicates benign tumor (adenoma) "-carcinoma" & "-sarcoma" - ANSWER indicate malignant tumor Carcinoma (epithelial origin) Sarcoma (mesenchymal origin; bone, cartilage, fibrous tissue etc) Exceptions to "-oma" - ANSWER Lymphoma Hepatoma Melanomas All malignant Grading vs Staging - ANSWER lacking at cell differentiation vs looking at how tumor is metastasizing Defects in immune system - ANSWER Chemotherapy Cancer cells Cancer metastasis to bone marrow