HEALTHSTREAM ICU knowledge Exam

Intracranial hemorrhage's goal for treatment? - ANSWER-Stop bleeding. Decrease icp. Subdural hematoma? - ANSWER-bleeding between covering of brain (dura) and surface of brain. Compress brain tissue , leadin to brain dead. Most pt do not recover. Epidural hematoma? - ANSWER-covering of the brain (dura) peel away from skull (from skull fracture). Wake up and die. Changes in vital signs are late signs. SubArachnoid hemorrhage (SAH)? - ANSWER-aneurysm of artery in brain, causing rupture. This is a type of hemorhagic stroke. Risk for repeated bleeding is 35% within. First 14 days post first bleed. Vasospasm is a common complication of SAH. Cerebral angiogram can dx cerebral aneurysm. A ruptured aneurysm has a risk for death of 40% , 08% disable after rupture. Normal ICP for adult? - ANSWER-less than 15mmHg. When treating high ICP, the goal is to be 20 mmHg ICP. What is cushing's triad? - ANSWER-three symptoms that indicate brian damage from high ICP. BRADYCARDIA, RESP DEPRESSION, HYPERTENSION. What factors increase ICP? - ANSWER-suction, any stimulations. Glascow score of 5 indicate? - ANSWER- Cerebral angiogram? - ANSWER-visualize cerebral blood flow and blood vessels. Can remove clot in bv at time of process. Insertion of dye through femoral artery. Pt lies flat. Indicated for: atherosclerosis, dissection, tumor, aneurysm, av malformation, stroke. Not for kidney failure, bleeding issue, allergic to dye (iodine& shellfish). Cerebral angiogram can dx cerebral aneurysm. A ruptured aneurysm has a risk for death of 40% , 08% disable after rupture. Av malformation? - ANSWER-l connection between artery and vein without capillary bed between in brain blood vessels. Leading to high pressure in veins (as vein is receiving blood too quick!- weaken bv- risk aneurysm. WHY IS AVM BAD? - ANSWER-1 risk of aneurysm rupture. 2 enlarged avm will put pressure on surrounding brain. 3 cells that only gets oxy from capillary bed will die. Types of AV MALFORMATION? - ANSWER-dural fistula, venous malformation, cavernoma, capillary telangiectasia. two locations of AVM? - ANSWER-BRAIN & SPINE.