ONS/ONCC Chemotherapy Immunotherapy Certificate
Exam Latest 2023-2024 Questions And Answers
(Verified Answers)
Define mutations - ANSWER-Variations in the nucleotide sequence of a gene
3 main goals of treatment: - ANSWER-Cure
Control
Palliation
Define neoadjuvant therapy - ANSWER-Treatment is given prior to surgery to
shrink the tumor
Define adjuvant therapy - ANSWER-Additional cancer treatment given after the
primary treatment to lower the risk that the cancer reoccur
Define conditioning/preparative therapy - ANSWER-Treatments used to prepare a
patient for stem cell transplantation
2 types of conditioning therapies: - ANSWER-Myeloablative
Nonmyeloablative
Define dose density - ANSWER-Drug dose per unit of time
Define dose intensity - ANSWER-Amount of drug delivered over time
, ONS/ONCC Chemotherapy Immunotherapy Certificate
Exam Latest 2023-2024 Questions And Answers
(Verified Answers)
How is relative dose intensity (RDI) calculated? - ANSWER-By comparing the dose
that the patient ACTUALLY received to the planned dose of the standard regimen
How do alkylating agents work? - ANSWER-By causing a break in the DNA helix
strand, interfering with DNA replication and causing cell death
3 subcategories of alkylating agents: - ANSWER-1. Nitrogen mustards
2. Platinum-based agents (do not possess an alkyl group but still termed alkylating
agents as they work similarly)
3. Nitrosoureas
Most common subcategory of alkylating agents: - ANSWER-Nitrogen mustards
Common alkylating agents: - ANSWER-Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan)
Ifosfamide (Ifex)
Bendamustine (Treanda)
3 major phases of cell division: - ANSWER-Interphase
Mitotic phase
Cytokinesis
3 steps of interphase: - ANSWER-First growth phase (G1)
Synthesis phase (S phase)
Second growth phase (G2)
, ONS/ONCC Chemotherapy Immunotherapy Certificate
Exam Latest 2023-2024 Questions And Answers
(Verified Answers)
4 phases of mitosis: - ANSWER-Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Innate immunity: - ANSWER-Non-specific response, either:
1. Barrier (skin, mucous membranes, flora of skin/gut)
2. Cellular components (phagocytes, natural killer cells, granulocytes,
macrophages)
Adaptive immunity: - ANSWER-Follows innate immunity if unsuccessful. Memory
immunity, including:
1. Humoral immunity (production of antibodies or immunoglobulins)
2. Cell mediated immunity (dependent upon T cells)
3. Regulatory T -cells (prevent autoimmune reactions and limit inflammatory
responses)
3 subcategories of alkylating agents: - ANSWER-1. Nitrogen mustards
2. Platinum-based agents (do not possess an alkyl group but still termed alkylating
agents as they work similarly)
3. Nitrosoureas
Exam Latest 2023-2024 Questions And Answers
(Verified Answers)
Define mutations - ANSWER-Variations in the nucleotide sequence of a gene
3 main goals of treatment: - ANSWER-Cure
Control
Palliation
Define neoadjuvant therapy - ANSWER-Treatment is given prior to surgery to
shrink the tumor
Define adjuvant therapy - ANSWER-Additional cancer treatment given after the
primary treatment to lower the risk that the cancer reoccur
Define conditioning/preparative therapy - ANSWER-Treatments used to prepare a
patient for stem cell transplantation
2 types of conditioning therapies: - ANSWER-Myeloablative
Nonmyeloablative
Define dose density - ANSWER-Drug dose per unit of time
Define dose intensity - ANSWER-Amount of drug delivered over time
, ONS/ONCC Chemotherapy Immunotherapy Certificate
Exam Latest 2023-2024 Questions And Answers
(Verified Answers)
How is relative dose intensity (RDI) calculated? - ANSWER-By comparing the dose
that the patient ACTUALLY received to the planned dose of the standard regimen
How do alkylating agents work? - ANSWER-By causing a break in the DNA helix
strand, interfering with DNA replication and causing cell death
3 subcategories of alkylating agents: - ANSWER-1. Nitrogen mustards
2. Platinum-based agents (do not possess an alkyl group but still termed alkylating
agents as they work similarly)
3. Nitrosoureas
Most common subcategory of alkylating agents: - ANSWER-Nitrogen mustards
Common alkylating agents: - ANSWER-Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan)
Ifosfamide (Ifex)
Bendamustine (Treanda)
3 major phases of cell division: - ANSWER-Interphase
Mitotic phase
Cytokinesis
3 steps of interphase: - ANSWER-First growth phase (G1)
Synthesis phase (S phase)
Second growth phase (G2)
, ONS/ONCC Chemotherapy Immunotherapy Certificate
Exam Latest 2023-2024 Questions And Answers
(Verified Answers)
4 phases of mitosis: - ANSWER-Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Innate immunity: - ANSWER-Non-specific response, either:
1. Barrier (skin, mucous membranes, flora of skin/gut)
2. Cellular components (phagocytes, natural killer cells, granulocytes,
macrophages)
Adaptive immunity: - ANSWER-Follows innate immunity if unsuccessful. Memory
immunity, including:
1. Humoral immunity (production of antibodies or immunoglobulins)
2. Cell mediated immunity (dependent upon T cells)
3. Regulatory T -cells (prevent autoimmune reactions and limit inflammatory
responses)
3 subcategories of alkylating agents: - ANSWER-1. Nitrogen mustards
2. Platinum-based agents (do not possess an alkyl group but still termed alkylating
agents as they work similarly)
3. Nitrosoureas
