NUR-631 Final Exam 190+ QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS 2023-2024 LATEST UPDATE
Removal of part of the liver leads to the remaining liver cells
undergoing compensatory - ANSWER-Compensatory hyperplasia is an
adaptive mechanism that enables certain organs to regenerate. For
example, the removal of part of the liver leads to hyperplasia of the
remaining liver cells (hepatocytes) to compensate for the loss.
Which of the following statements best describes Raynaud disease?
a. An inflammatory disorder of small and medium-size arteries in the
feet and sometimes in the hands
b. A neoplastic disorder of the lining of the arteries and veins of the
upper extremities
c. A vasospastic disorder of the small arteries and arterioles of the
fingers, and less commonly, the toes
d. An autoimmune disorder of the large arteries and veins of the upper
and lower extremities - ANSWER-c. A vasospastic disorder of the small
arteries and arterioles of the fingers, and less commonly, the toes
A patient is diagnosed with pulmonary disease and elevated pulmonary
vascular resistance. Which of the following heart failures may result
from this condition?
a. Right heart failure
b. Left heart failure
c. Low-output failure
d. High-output failure - ANSWER-a. Right heart failure
, NUR-631 Final Exam 190+ QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS 2023-2024 LATEST UPDATE
Exp: Right heart failure is defined as the inability of the right ventricle to
provide adequate blood flow into the pulmonary circulation at a normal
central venous pressure. It most often results from the left heart failure
when the increase in left ventricular filling pressure that is reflected
back into the pulmonary circulation is severe enough. As pressure in
the pulmonary circulation rises, the resistance to right ventricular
emptying increases.
What physical sign is the result of turbulent blood flow through a
vessel?
a. Increased blood pressure during periods of stress
b. Bounding pulse felt on palpation
c. Cyanosis observed on excretion
d. Murmur heard on auscultation - ANSWER-d. Murmur heard on
auscultation
Exp: Where flow is obstructed the vessel turns or blood flows over
rough surfaces. The flow becomes turbulent with whorls or eddy
currents that produce noise causing a murmur to be heard on
auscultation such as occurs during blood pressure measurement with a
sphygomanometer. This selection is the only option that accurately
identifies the physical sign of turbulent vascular blood flow. pg 1113
Which congenital heart defects occur in trisomy 13, trisomy 18 and
down syndrome?
a. Coarctation of the aorta and pulmonary stenosis
b. Tetralogy of Fallot and persistent truncus arteriosus
, NUR-631 Final Exam 190+ QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS 2023-2024 LATEST UPDATE
c. Atrial septal defect and dextrocardia
d. Ventricular septal defect and patent ductus arteriosus - ANSWER-d.
Ventricular septal defect and patent ductus arteriosus
Exp: Congenital heart defects that are related to dysfunction of trisomy
13, trisomy 18 and down syndrome include VSD and PDA see Table 33-2
The other defects are not associated with dysfunction of trisomy 13 or
17 and down syndrome. pg 1200
An infant has a continuous machine/type murmur best heard at the left
upper sternal border throughout systole and diastole as well as a
bounding pulse and a thrill on palpation. These clinical findings are
consistent with which congenital heart defect?
a. Atrial septal defect
b. Ventricular septal defect
c. Patent ductus arteriosus
d. Atrioventricular canal defect - ANSWER-c. Patent ductus arteriosus
Exp: If pulmonary vascular resistance has fallen then infants with will
characteristically have a continuous machine/type murmur best heard
at the left upper sternal border throughout systole and diastole. If the
PDA is significant then the infant also will have bounding pulses an
active precordium, a thrill on palpation and signs and symptoms of
pulmonary over circulation. The presentations of the other congenital
heart defects are not consistent with the described the symptoms
pages 1203-1204
, NUR-631 Final Exam 190+ QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS 2023-2024 LATEST UPDATE
Which compensatory mechanism is spontaneously used by children
diagnosed with tetralogy of Fallot to relieve hypoxic spells?
a. Lying on their left side
b. Performing the valsalva maneuver
c. Squatting
d. hyperventilating - ANSWER-c. Squatting
Exp: squatting is a spontaneous compensatory mechanism used by
older children to alleviate hypoxic spells. Squatting and its variants
increase systemic resistance while decreasing venous return to the
heart from the inferior vena cava. The other options would not result in
these changes. pg 1209
An infant diagnosed with a small patent ductus arteriosus would likely
exhibit which symptom?
a. Intermittent murmur
b. Lack of symptoms
c. Need for surgical repair
d. Triad of congenital defects - ANSWER-b. Lack of symptoms
Exp: Infants with a small PDA usually remain asymptomatic. page 1203-
1204
Fluid in the pleural space characterizes which condition?
a. Pleural effusion
ANSWERS 2023-2024 LATEST UPDATE
Removal of part of the liver leads to the remaining liver cells
undergoing compensatory - ANSWER-Compensatory hyperplasia is an
adaptive mechanism that enables certain organs to regenerate. For
example, the removal of part of the liver leads to hyperplasia of the
remaining liver cells (hepatocytes) to compensate for the loss.
Which of the following statements best describes Raynaud disease?
a. An inflammatory disorder of small and medium-size arteries in the
feet and sometimes in the hands
b. A neoplastic disorder of the lining of the arteries and veins of the
upper extremities
c. A vasospastic disorder of the small arteries and arterioles of the
fingers, and less commonly, the toes
d. An autoimmune disorder of the large arteries and veins of the upper
and lower extremities - ANSWER-c. A vasospastic disorder of the small
arteries and arterioles of the fingers, and less commonly, the toes
A patient is diagnosed with pulmonary disease and elevated pulmonary
vascular resistance. Which of the following heart failures may result
from this condition?
a. Right heart failure
b. Left heart failure
c. Low-output failure
d. High-output failure - ANSWER-a. Right heart failure
, NUR-631 Final Exam 190+ QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS 2023-2024 LATEST UPDATE
Exp: Right heart failure is defined as the inability of the right ventricle to
provide adequate blood flow into the pulmonary circulation at a normal
central venous pressure. It most often results from the left heart failure
when the increase in left ventricular filling pressure that is reflected
back into the pulmonary circulation is severe enough. As pressure in
the pulmonary circulation rises, the resistance to right ventricular
emptying increases.
What physical sign is the result of turbulent blood flow through a
vessel?
a. Increased blood pressure during periods of stress
b. Bounding pulse felt on palpation
c. Cyanosis observed on excretion
d. Murmur heard on auscultation - ANSWER-d. Murmur heard on
auscultation
Exp: Where flow is obstructed the vessel turns or blood flows over
rough surfaces. The flow becomes turbulent with whorls or eddy
currents that produce noise causing a murmur to be heard on
auscultation such as occurs during blood pressure measurement with a
sphygomanometer. This selection is the only option that accurately
identifies the physical sign of turbulent vascular blood flow. pg 1113
Which congenital heart defects occur in trisomy 13, trisomy 18 and
down syndrome?
a. Coarctation of the aorta and pulmonary stenosis
b. Tetralogy of Fallot and persistent truncus arteriosus
, NUR-631 Final Exam 190+ QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS 2023-2024 LATEST UPDATE
c. Atrial septal defect and dextrocardia
d. Ventricular septal defect and patent ductus arteriosus - ANSWER-d.
Ventricular septal defect and patent ductus arteriosus
Exp: Congenital heart defects that are related to dysfunction of trisomy
13, trisomy 18 and down syndrome include VSD and PDA see Table 33-2
The other defects are not associated with dysfunction of trisomy 13 or
17 and down syndrome. pg 1200
An infant has a continuous machine/type murmur best heard at the left
upper sternal border throughout systole and diastole as well as a
bounding pulse and a thrill on palpation. These clinical findings are
consistent with which congenital heart defect?
a. Atrial septal defect
b. Ventricular septal defect
c. Patent ductus arteriosus
d. Atrioventricular canal defect - ANSWER-c. Patent ductus arteriosus
Exp: If pulmonary vascular resistance has fallen then infants with will
characteristically have a continuous machine/type murmur best heard
at the left upper sternal border throughout systole and diastole. If the
PDA is significant then the infant also will have bounding pulses an
active precordium, a thrill on palpation and signs and symptoms of
pulmonary over circulation. The presentations of the other congenital
heart defects are not consistent with the described the symptoms
pages 1203-1204
, NUR-631 Final Exam 190+ QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS 2023-2024 LATEST UPDATE
Which compensatory mechanism is spontaneously used by children
diagnosed with tetralogy of Fallot to relieve hypoxic spells?
a. Lying on their left side
b. Performing the valsalva maneuver
c. Squatting
d. hyperventilating - ANSWER-c. Squatting
Exp: squatting is a spontaneous compensatory mechanism used by
older children to alleviate hypoxic spells. Squatting and its variants
increase systemic resistance while decreasing venous return to the
heart from the inferior vena cava. The other options would not result in
these changes. pg 1209
An infant diagnosed with a small patent ductus arteriosus would likely
exhibit which symptom?
a. Intermittent murmur
b. Lack of symptoms
c. Need for surgical repair
d. Triad of congenital defects - ANSWER-b. Lack of symptoms
Exp: Infants with a small PDA usually remain asymptomatic. page 1203-
1204
Fluid in the pleural space characterizes which condition?
a. Pleural effusion
