System engineering Summary
Made by a student from the
Hogeschool van Amsterdam
Achieved grade: 7,8
In this summary, you will find the essential things you need to know for the course
System Engineering.
,Table of contents
Layered model........................................................................................................................ 3
Adding with binary numbers...................................................................................................4
Logic gates............................................................................................................................. 5
Converting numbers in different ways.....................................................................................6
How to do the reverse polish notation:....................................................................................6
Convert to the reverse polish notation....................................................................................7
How to perform calculations using operators..........................................................................8
Data and storage.................................................................................................................... 9
Architectures........................................................................................................................ 11
Memory hierarchy................................................................................................................. 12
Encoding.............................................................................................................................. 13
Procedures........................................................................................................................... 14
CPU (central processing unit) Performance.........................................................................15
Operating system................................................................................................................. 17
Virtual Memory..................................................................................................................... 18
Docker security..................................................................................................................... 20
Security problems................................................................................................................. 21
, Layered model
The layered model of system engineering represents different levels of abstraction in
computer systems. Each level corresponds to a specific aspect of system design and
functionality, with higher levels being more abstract and closer to the problem
domain, while lower levels are closer to the hardware and more detailed.
The layered model of system engineering consists of the following layers:
Layer level name of layer Description
5 Problem oriented level This is the highest level, where the focus is
on solving specific problems or
implementing applications. It involves
writing software using high-level
programming languages like C++, Java, or
Python. This level is closest to the end-
user or application domain.
4 Assembly language level This level deals with low-level
programming using assembly language.
Assembly language is a symbolic
representation of machine code, making it
easier for programmers to write code that
interacts directly with hardware.
3 Operating system machine This level involves the interaction between
level the hardware and the operating system. It
includes concepts like process
management, memory management, and
I/O control. It's where the operating system
plays a crucial role in managing resources.
2 Instruction set architecture level Here, the emphasis is on the definition of
the instruction set and the interface
between hardware and software. It
includes details about registers, data types,
and instruction formats.
1 Microarchitecture level At this level, the focus shifts to the design
of the processor's microarchitecture. It
deals with concepts like pipelining, cache
memory, and instruction execution.
0 Digital level This is the lowest level, where the system
is represented as digital circuits composed
of logic gates. It deals with the physical
implementation of basic digital
components.
Made by a student from the
Hogeschool van Amsterdam
Achieved grade: 7,8
In this summary, you will find the essential things you need to know for the course
System Engineering.
,Table of contents
Layered model........................................................................................................................ 3
Adding with binary numbers...................................................................................................4
Logic gates............................................................................................................................. 5
Converting numbers in different ways.....................................................................................6
How to do the reverse polish notation:....................................................................................6
Convert to the reverse polish notation....................................................................................7
How to perform calculations using operators..........................................................................8
Data and storage.................................................................................................................... 9
Architectures........................................................................................................................ 11
Memory hierarchy................................................................................................................. 12
Encoding.............................................................................................................................. 13
Procedures........................................................................................................................... 14
CPU (central processing unit) Performance.........................................................................15
Operating system................................................................................................................. 17
Virtual Memory..................................................................................................................... 18
Docker security..................................................................................................................... 20
Security problems................................................................................................................. 21
, Layered model
The layered model of system engineering represents different levels of abstraction in
computer systems. Each level corresponds to a specific aspect of system design and
functionality, with higher levels being more abstract and closer to the problem
domain, while lower levels are closer to the hardware and more detailed.
The layered model of system engineering consists of the following layers:
Layer level name of layer Description
5 Problem oriented level This is the highest level, where the focus is
on solving specific problems or
implementing applications. It involves
writing software using high-level
programming languages like C++, Java, or
Python. This level is closest to the end-
user or application domain.
4 Assembly language level This level deals with low-level
programming using assembly language.
Assembly language is a symbolic
representation of machine code, making it
easier for programmers to write code that
interacts directly with hardware.
3 Operating system machine This level involves the interaction between
level the hardware and the operating system. It
includes concepts like process
management, memory management, and
I/O control. It's where the operating system
plays a crucial role in managing resources.
2 Instruction set architecture level Here, the emphasis is on the definition of
the instruction set and the interface
between hardware and software. It
includes details about registers, data types,
and instruction formats.
1 Microarchitecture level At this level, the focus shifts to the design
of the processor's microarchitecture. It
deals with concepts like pipelining, cache
memory, and instruction execution.
0 Digital level This is the lowest level, where the system
is represented as digital circuits composed
of logic gates. It deals with the physical
implementation of basic digital
components.
