(BOOST YOUR GRADES FOR 2024 EXAMS). WGU C492 Physical Assessment - Cardiovascular System - Practice Test Questions and answers, 100% Accurate. VERIFIED

WGU C492 Physical Assessment - Cardiovascular System - Practice Test Questions and answers, 100% Accurate. VERIFIED The first heart sound (S1) occurs with closure of the AV valves and thus signals the beginning of systole. The mitral component of the first sound (M1) slightly precedes the tricuspid component (T1), but you usually hear these two components fused as one sound. You can hear S1 over all the precordium, but usually it is loudest at the apex. The second heart sound (S2) occurs with closure of the semilunar valves and signals the end of systole. The aortic component of the second sound (A2) slightly precedes the pulmonic component (P2). Although it is heard over all the precordium, S2 is loudest at the base. occurs with closure of the semilunar valves and signals the end of systole. The aortic component of the second sound (A2) slightly precedes the pulmonic component (P2). Although it is heard over all the precordium, S2 is loudest at the base. Third Heart Sound (S3) Normally diastole is a silent event. However, in some conditions ventricular filling creates vibrations that can be heard over the chest. These vibrations are S3. S3 occurs when the ventricles are resistant to filling during the early rapid filling phase (protodiastole). This occurs immediately after S2, when the AV valves open and atrial blood first pours into the ventricles. Fourth Heart Sound (S4) S4 occurs at the end of diastole, at presystole, when the ventricle is resistant to filling. The atria contract and push blood into a noncompliant ventricle. This creates vibrations that are heard as S4. S4 occurs just before S1. All heart sounds are described by: 1. Frequency (pitch)—Heart sounds are described as high pitched or low pitched, although these terms are relative because all are low-frequency sounds, and you need a good stethoscope to hear them. 2. Intensity (loudness)—Loud or soft 3. Duration—Very short for heart sounds; silent periods are longer 4. Timing—Systole or diastole Conditions resulting in murmurs 1. Velocity of blood increases (flow murmur) (e.g., in exercise, thyrotoxicosis) 2. Viscosity of blood decreases (e.g., in anemia) 3. Structural defects in the valves (a stenotic or narrowed valve, an incompetent or regurgitant valve) or unusual openings occur in the chambers (dilated chamber, septal defect) EKG (ECG) Wave P wave Depolarization of the atri