HCD 303 Midterm Comprehensive Study Guide (Top 2024/2025 EXAM REVIEW PAPER )

HCD 303 Midterm Comprehensive Study Guide Why should we study healthcare systems around the world? - - Learn how other systems are structured, financed, and what barriers they are facing - Determine what we can learn from other healthcare systems to improve our system here in the US. - To gain an understanding of what types of system models are being used and how those models perform - Learn about innovations in care delivery and their impacts on population health - Get a gauge of where the US system performs overall, comparatively speaking What is a system? - - A set of connected things or parts forming a complex whole - A set of procedures according to which something is done; an organized scheme or method What are the 4 components of a healthcare system? - People, parts, interrelationships, and culture Where did the World Health Organization rank the US healthcare system? - 37th Where did Bloomberg Business Report rank the US healthcare system? - 54th Where did the Commonwealth Fund rank the US healthcare system? - 11th Which of the following statements is true? - It doesn't seem to matter which measures are used within international health systems rankings, the US healthcare system performs poorly amongst other developed nations The Commonwealth Fund and the World Health Organization reports both used health equity as a measure in their rankings. What is health equity? - The inclusion of fairness in a system for providing health services and insurance coverage taking into consideration an persons individual circumstances What are the 3 goals of a healthcare system? - High quality, low cost, easy access How much does the healthcare system actually impact the health of a population? - 10% How much do individual behaviors impact the health of a population? - 40% Which of the following are measures of quality within a healthcare system? - Patient outcomes Patient satisfaction Patient safety Which of the following are measures of cost within a healthcare system? - Healthcare spending as a % of the GDP Cost per procedure such as a knee or hip replacement Which of the following is a measure of access within a healthcare system? - Patient insurance status such as insured or uninsured Geographical proximity to needed services Patient insurance coverage Physician to patient ratios What does GDP stand for? - Gross Domestic Product When analyzing healthcare systems, spending as a percent of the GDP is often considered. What does this measure tell us? - The percent of money spent on healthcare every year, in relation to the total amount spent throughout all industries in the same year What does mortality amenable to healthcare measure? - The deaths preventable within a healthcare system with timely and appropriate medical care The US has universal coverage - False There is high variability in cost, quality, and access throughout the US healthcare system. - True What does the term universal access mean? - That everyone within a country has access to some form of health insurance What type of health insurance programs became popular immediately after WWII? - Employerbased insurance What is a premium? - The amount paid monthly for a health insurance plan What is a deductible? - The amount that must be paid out-of-pocket annually, before insurance coverage kicks in What is a copayment? - The set dollar amount that you must pay at the point of service What is co-insurance? - The set percentage of the bill that must be paid at the point of service What is a gatekeeper? - It's when a health plan dictates that a patient must get referred by their PCP to see a specialist What is the systematic purpose of copayments and co-insurance? - It's a forcing function to incentivize patients to seek the appropriate level of care Match the following parts of Medicare with the associated services they cover? - A- impatient services B- physician services C- medicare advantage D- prescription drugs What is the complete and official name of the ACA? - Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act Who is covered by Medicare? - - end stage renal disease - elderly - disabled Who is covered by Medicaid? -