TMC Respiratory Care Boards Study
Guide Rated A+
4 critical life functions ✔✔1. Ventilation
2. Oxygenation
3. Circulation
4. Perfusion
Findings that indicate patient's fluid intake exceeds urine output ✔✔1. Weight gain
2. Electrolyte imbalance
3. Increased hemodynamic pressures
4. Decreased lung compliance
Reading that indicates hypovolemia ✔✔CVP < 2 mmHg
Reading that indicates hypervolemia ✔✔CVP > 6 mmHg
Semicomatose ✔✔Responds only to painful stimuli
,Lethargy or somnolence ✔✔Sleepy
Obtunded ✔✔Drowsy state, may have decreased cough or gag reflex
Orthopnea ✔✔Difficulty breathing in upright position (heart problem, CHF)
General malaise ✔✔Run down feeling, nausea, weakness, fatigue, headache (electrolyte
imbalance)
Dyspnea ✔✔Feeling of SOB/difficulty breathing
Dysphagia ✔✔Difficulty swallowing, hoarseness
Peripheral edema ✔✔Pitting edema in arms and ankles
Causes of peripheral edema ✔✔Fluid accumulation from CHF and renal failure
, Ascites ✔✔Accumulation of fluid in the abdomen
Causes ascites ✔✔Fluid accumulation from liver failure
Clubbing ✔✔Angling of nail bed of thumbs, first finger and toes
Causes of clubbing ✔✔Effects of chronic hypoxemia on fingers and toes
Venous distention ✔✔Engorged jugular veins during exhalation
Causes of venous distention ✔✔Engorged jugular veins from CHF and COPD
Capillary refill ✔✔Indicates peripheral circulation
Diaphoresis ✔✔Profuse, heavy sweating
Causes of diaphoresis ✔✔Heart failure, fever, infection, anxiety, nervousness, TB
Guide Rated A+
4 critical life functions ✔✔1. Ventilation
2. Oxygenation
3. Circulation
4. Perfusion
Findings that indicate patient's fluid intake exceeds urine output ✔✔1. Weight gain
2. Electrolyte imbalance
3. Increased hemodynamic pressures
4. Decreased lung compliance
Reading that indicates hypovolemia ✔✔CVP < 2 mmHg
Reading that indicates hypervolemia ✔✔CVP > 6 mmHg
Semicomatose ✔✔Responds only to painful stimuli
,Lethargy or somnolence ✔✔Sleepy
Obtunded ✔✔Drowsy state, may have decreased cough or gag reflex
Orthopnea ✔✔Difficulty breathing in upright position (heart problem, CHF)
General malaise ✔✔Run down feeling, nausea, weakness, fatigue, headache (electrolyte
imbalance)
Dyspnea ✔✔Feeling of SOB/difficulty breathing
Dysphagia ✔✔Difficulty swallowing, hoarseness
Peripheral edema ✔✔Pitting edema in arms and ankles
Causes of peripheral edema ✔✔Fluid accumulation from CHF and renal failure
, Ascites ✔✔Accumulation of fluid in the abdomen
Causes ascites ✔✔Fluid accumulation from liver failure
Clubbing ✔✔Angling of nail bed of thumbs, first finger and toes
Causes of clubbing ✔✔Effects of chronic hypoxemia on fingers and toes
Venous distention ✔✔Engorged jugular veins during exhalation
Causes of venous distention ✔✔Engorged jugular veins from CHF and COPD
Capillary refill ✔✔Indicates peripheral circulation
Diaphoresis ✔✔Profuse, heavy sweating
Causes of diaphoresis ✔✔Heart failure, fever, infection, anxiety, nervousness, TB
