BIO 260 Week 4 Case Study Genetics 2023/24

BIO 260 Week 4 Case Study Genetics 2023/24 1. What are the 3 main components of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)? - Phosphate group - Sugar - Bases (adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine) 2. What is the primary function of DNA? Genetic coding of every cell in our body. 3. Where is DNA located within the cell? The Nucleus 4. Given the following base pairs of a strand of DNA, complete the second strand using the rules of complimentary base pairing. A C T G G C T A G C T A A T G C T G A C C G A T C G A T T A C G 5. Discuss the primary roles of the 3 types of RNA: a. mRNA – messenger: Carries instructions to be copied from the DNA to the ribosomes. b. rRNA – Ribosomal: Puts the other 2 together to make a protein. c. tRNA – Transfer: Carries amino acids to the ribosomes to form the peptide or proteins. 6. How do RNA bases differ from DNA? Thymine is replaced by Uracil in RNA. Base pairs are A-U and C-G 7. Describe the process of transcription and translation. DNA is transcribed into messenger RNA (mRNA) in the nucleus. DNA is copied into mRNA by an enzyme. 8. Discuss how the role of mitosis differs from meiosis in relation to genetics. . . . . . .