Chapter 12: Health Promotion of the Toddler and Family Test Bank for Wong's Nursing Care of Infants And Children 11th Edition by Hockenberry

TEST BANK FOR WONG'S NURSING CARE OF INFANTS AND CHILDREN 11TH EDITION BY HOCKENBERRY Chapter 12: Health Promotion of the Toddler and Family MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. What factor is most important in predisposing toddlers to frequent infections? a. Respirations are abdominal. b. Pulse and respiratory rates in toddlers are slower than those in infants. c. Defense mechanisms are less efficient than those during infancy. d. Toddlers have short, straight internal ear canals and large lymph tissue. ANS: D Toddlers continue to have the short, straight internal ear canals of infants. The lymphoid tissue of the tonsils and adenoids continues to be relatively large. These two anatomic conditions combine to predispose toddlers to frequent infections. The abdominal respirations and lowered pulse and respiratory rate of toddlers do not affect their susceptibility to infection. The defense mechanisms are more efficient compared with those of infancy. DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyzing TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Physiological Integrity 2. What do the psychosocial developmental tasks of toddlerhood include? a. Development of a conscience b. Recognition of sex differences c. Ability to get along with age mates d. Ability to delay gratification ANS: D If the need for basic trust has been satisfied, then toddlers can give up dependence for control, independence, and autonomy. One of the tasks that toddlers are concerned with is the ability to delay gratification. Development of a conscience and recognition of sex differences occur during the preschool years. The ability to get along with age mates develops during the preschool and school-age years. DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity 3. The developmental task with which the child of 15 to 30 months is likely to be struggling is a sense of which? a. Trust b. Initiative c. Intimacy d. Autonomy ANS: D Autonomy versus shame and doubt is the developmental task of toddlers. Trust versus mistrust is the developmental stage of infancy. Initiative versus guilt is the developmental stage of early childhood. Intimacy and solidarity versus isolation is the developmental stage of early adulthood. DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance 4. Parents of an 18-month-old boy tells the nurse that he says no to everything and has rapid mood swings. If he is scolded, he shows anger and then immediately wants to be held. What is the nurses best interpretation of this behavior? a. This is normal behavior for his age. b. This is unusual behavior for his age. c. He is not effectively coping with stress. d. He is showing he needs more attention. ANS: A Toddlers use distinct behaviors in the quest for autonomy. They express their will with continued negativity and use of the word no. Children at this age also have rapid mood swings. The nurse should reassure the parents that their child is engaged in expected behavior for an 18-month-old. DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding TOP: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance 5. A 17-month-old child should be expected to be in which stage, according to Piaget? a. Preoperations b. Concrete operations c. Tertiary circular reactions d. Secondary circular reactions ANS: C A 17-month-old is in the fifth stage of the sensorimotor phase, tertiary circular reactions. The child uses active experimentation to achieve previously unattainable goals. Preoperations is the stage of cognitive development usually present in older toddlers and preschoolers. Concrete operations is the cognitive stage associated with school-age children. The secondary circular reaction stage lasts from about ages 4 to 8 months. DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance 6. Although a 14-month-old girl received a shock from an electrical outlet recently, her parent finds her about to place a paper clip in another outlet. Which is the best interpretation of this behavior? a. Her cognitive development is delayed. b. This is typical behavior because toddlers are not very developed. c. This is typical behavior because of toddlers inability to transfer remembering to new situations. d. This is not typical behavior because toddlers should know better than to repeat an act that caused pain. ANS: C During the tertiary circular reactions stage, children have only a rudimentary sense of the classification of objects. The appearance of an object denotes its function for these children. The slot of an outlet is for putting things into. This is typical behavior for a toddler, who is only somewhat aware of a causal relation between events. Her cognitive development is appropriate for her age. DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance 7. A toddler, age 16 months, falls down a few stairs. He gets up and scolds the stairs as if they caused him to fall. What is this an example of? a. Animism b. Ritualism c. Irreversibility d. Delayed cognitive development ANS: A Animism is the attribution of lifelike qualities to inanimate objects. By scolding the stairs, the toddler is attributing human characteristics to them. Ritualism is the need to maintain sameness and reliability. It provides a sense of comfort to toddlers. Irreversibility is the inability to reverse or undo actions initiated physically. The toddler is acting in an age-appropriate manner. DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyzing TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance 8. What is a characteristic of a toddlers language development at age 18 months? a. Vocabulary of 25 words b. Use of holophrases c. Increasing level of understanding d. Approximately one third of speech understandable ANS: C