Chapter 13: Health Promotion of the Preschooler and Family Test Bank for Wong's Nursing Care of Infants And Children 11th Edition by Hockenberry

TEST BANK FOR WONG'S NURSING CARE OF INFANTS AND CHILDREN 11TH EDITION BY HOCKENBERRY Chapter 13: Health Promotion of the Preschooler and Family MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. In terms of fine motor development, what should the 3-year-old child be expected to do? a. Tie shoelaces. b. Copy (draw) a circle. c. Use scissors or a pencil very well. d. Draw a person with seven to nine parts. ANS: B Three-year-old children are able to accomplish the fine motor skill of copying (drawing) a circle. The ability to tie shoelaces, to use scissors or a pencil very well, and to draw a person with seven to nine parts are fine motor skills of 5-year-old children. DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance 2. According to Piaget, magical thinking is the belief of which? a. Thoughts are all powerful. b. God is an imaginary friend. c. Events have cause and effect. d. If the skin is broken, the insides will come out. ANS: A Because of their egocentrism and transductive reasoning, preschoolers believe that thoughts are all powerful. Believing God is an imaginary friend is an example of concrete thinking in a preschoolers spiritual development. Cause-and-effect implies logical thought, not magical thinking. Believing that if the skin is broken, the insides will come out is an example of concrete thinking in development of body image. DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance 3. In terms of cognitive development, a 5-year-old child should be expected to do which? a. Think abstractly. b. Use magical thinking. c. Understand conservation of matter. d. Understand another persons perspective. ANS: B Magical thinking is believing that thoughts can cause events. An example is thinking of the death of a parent might cause it to happen. Abstract thought does not develop until the school-age years. The concept of conservation is the cognitive task of school-age children, ages 5 to 7 years. A 5-year-old child cannot understand another persons perspective. DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance 4. The nurse is caring for a hospitalized 4-year-old boy. His parents tell the nurse they will be back to visit at 6 PM. When he asks the nurse when his parents are coming, what would the nurses best response be? a. They will be here soon. b. They will come after dinner. c. Let me show you on the clock when 6 PM is. d. I will tell you every time I see you how much longer it will be. ANS: B A 4-year-old child understands time in relation to events such as meals. Children perceive soon as a very short time. The nurse may lose the childs trust if his parents do not return in the time he perceives as soon. Children cannot read or use a clock for practical purposes until age 7 years. I will tell you every time I see you how much longer it will be assumes the child understands the concepts of hours and minutes, which does not occur until age 5 or 6 years. DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance 5. A 4-year-old boy is hospitalized with a serious bacterial infection. He tells the nurse that he is sick because he was bad. What is the nurses best interpretation of this comment? a. Sign of stress b. Common at this age c. Suggestive of maladaptation d. Suggestive of excessive discipline at home ANS: B Preschoolers cannot understand the cause and effect of illness. Their egocentrism makes them think they are directly responsible for events, making them feel guilt for things outside of their control. Children of this age react to stress by regressing developmentally or acting out. Maladaptation is unlikely. This comment does not imply excessive discipline at home. DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance 6. A 4-year-old child tells the nurse that she doesnt want another blood sample drawn because I need all of my insides and I dont want anyone taking them out. What is the nurses best interpretation of this? a. The child is being overly dramatic. b. The child has a disturbed body image. c. Preschoolers have poorly defined body boundaries. d. Preschoolers normally have a good understanding of their bodies. ANS: C Preschoolers have little understanding of body boundaries, which leads to fears of mutilation. The child is not capable of being dramatic at this age. She truly has fear. Body image is just developing in school-age children. Preschoolers do not have good understanding of their bodies. DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance 7. Which type of play is most typical of the preschool period? a. Team b. Parallel c. Solitary d. Associative