Machine Translated by Google
'Assignment Reviewing SQL Operations'
Name: Reahan Jahfal Zahran
NPM: 227007107
Class: B
Task: Database Management
A. Understanding
SQL SQL, short for Structured Query Language, is a special programming
language used to access and manipulate data in relational databases.
This language is widely used by companies as a way to store and manage data.
SQL allows users to retrieve, add, update, and delete data from a database in a
structured and efficient manner. Using SQL requires an operating system that can
support the software or DBMS (Database Management System) used to manage
the database. Several operating systems that are often used to run DBMS include
Windows, Linux, macOS, and UNIX.
B. History of SQL
SQL began with an article by a researcher from IBM named EF Codd who
discussed the idea of creating a relational database in June 1970. This article also
discussed the possibility of creating a standard language for accessing data in this
database. This language was later named SEQUEL (Structured English Query
Language). After the publication of this article, IBM launched a project to create a
relational database based on the SEQUEL language. However, due to legal issues
regarding the naming of SEQUEL, IBM changed it to SQL. The relational database
implementation is known as System/R.
In the late 1970s, a company called Oracle emerged which made a popular
database server with the same name as the company. With the rise in popularity of
Oracle, SQL also became popular so that it is now the de facto standard language in
database management. Standardization of SQL began in 1986, marked by the
issuance of the SQL standard by ANSI. This standard is often referred to as SQL86.
This standard was then revised in 1989 and then revised again in 1992. The final
version is known as SQL92. In 1999, a new standard was issued, namely SQL99 or
also called SQL99, but most implementations refer to SQL92. Currently, there are
actually no database servers that 100% support SQL92. This is because each server
has its own dialect.
C. Commands in SQL
In general, the SQL language has 5 basic commands that are usually used by
database administrators, namely DDL (Data Definition Language), DML (Data
Manipulation Language), DCL (Data Control Language), DQL (Data Query Language)
and TCL (Transactional Control Language).
'Assignment Reviewing SQL Operations'
Name: Reahan Jahfal Zahran
NPM: 227007107
Class: B
Task: Database Management
A. Understanding
SQL SQL, short for Structured Query Language, is a special programming
language used to access and manipulate data in relational databases.
This language is widely used by companies as a way to store and manage data.
SQL allows users to retrieve, add, update, and delete data from a database in a
structured and efficient manner. Using SQL requires an operating system that can
support the software or DBMS (Database Management System) used to manage
the database. Several operating systems that are often used to run DBMS include
Windows, Linux, macOS, and UNIX.
B. History of SQL
SQL began with an article by a researcher from IBM named EF Codd who
discussed the idea of creating a relational database in June 1970. This article also
discussed the possibility of creating a standard language for accessing data in this
database. This language was later named SEQUEL (Structured English Query
Language). After the publication of this article, IBM launched a project to create a
relational database based on the SEQUEL language. However, due to legal issues
regarding the naming of SEQUEL, IBM changed it to SQL. The relational database
implementation is known as System/R.
In the late 1970s, a company called Oracle emerged which made a popular
database server with the same name as the company. With the rise in popularity of
Oracle, SQL also became popular so that it is now the de facto standard language in
database management. Standardization of SQL began in 1986, marked by the
issuance of the SQL standard by ANSI. This standard is often referred to as SQL86.
This standard was then revised in 1989 and then revised again in 1992. The final
version is known as SQL92. In 1999, a new standard was issued, namely SQL99 or
also called SQL99, but most implementations refer to SQL92. Currently, there are
actually no database servers that 100% support SQL92. This is because each server
has its own dialect.
C. Commands in SQL
In general, the SQL language has 5 basic commands that are usually used by
database administrators, namely DDL (Data Definition Language), DML (Data
Manipulation Language), DCL (Data Control Language), DQL (Data Query Language)
and TCL (Transactional Control Language).
