Path to Field Tech I and II (To Advance to FT III) Questions & Answers (SCORED A+)

What is one reason why broadband cable operators install fiber-optic cable in stages instead of changing the infrastructure all at once? - ANSWER-HFC network architectures have been developed to enable broadband cable operators to make a gradual, or staged, transition to an all fiber-optic cable infrastructure. Which fiber-to-the-x topology has amplifiers in the coaxial cable portion of the network? - ANSWER-Additional RF amplifiers may be in the coaxial cable portion of the fiber-to-the-node (FTTN) topology to maintain proper amplitude levels of the RF signal throughout the serving area. What topology is used in passive optical network (PON) architectures? - ANSWER-Passive optical network (PON) architectures use fiber-to-the-premises (FTTP) topologies to make point-to-multipoint (P2MP) connections between the broadband cable headend and the customer premises. What are the three categories of fiber-optic cable in a PON? - ANSWER-The fiber-optic cable in a PON is placed in one of three categories, trunk, branch, and drop, to identify the cable's location in the network What variations of the star topology are used in PONs? - ANSWER-Centralized split, distributed star, and home-run are variations of the star topology used in PONs. What does the radio frequency over glass (RFoG) architecture provide as envisioned by broadband cable operators? - ANSWER-RFoG was envisioned to provide operators with the time to make a seamless transition from the legacy hybrid fiber/coax (HFC) architecture over to gigabit PON (GPON) or Ethernet PON (EPON). What are the three primary elements of a PON? - ANSWER-Using terminology from the telephone industry, the main elements of a PON are the optical line terminal (OLT), the optical distribution network (ODN), and the optical network unit (ONU). In FTTx networks, what is required to power ONTs at the customer premises? - ANSWER-AC power must be provided at the customer premises in the case of RFoG installations to power the ONT. What are optical splitters? - ANSWER-Optical splitters are passive branching devices that divide an optical signal across a number of output ports in the forward direction, and combine multiple signals onto a common optical fiber in the return direction. Why can FTTx applications be more susceptible to the adverse effects of macro- and microbends bends than typical transmission applications? - ANSWER-