Car$lage
Structure
Avascular and nourished by the di3usion of nutrients from capillaries in adjacent connec8ve
8ssues (perichondrium) or by synovial ;uid from joint cavi8es.
Cells:
Mesenchymal cells (of connec8ve 8ssue) prolifera8on of chondroblasts (apposi8onal
growth) chondroblasts (found in the chondrogenic layer of the perichondrium, have
ellip8c shape) chondrocytes (round shape) prolifera8on of chondrocytes (inters88al
growth) forma8on of isogenous groups (located in lacunas inside the matrix).
Func8on – synthesis of collagen and other matrix molecules.
Matrix:
Fibers - collagen or elas8c (depends of the type of the car8lage).
ground substance – hyaluronic acid, proteoglycans and small amount of several
glycoproteins.
Perichondrium:
DeFni8on – a layer of dense irregular connec8ve 8ssue that surrounds the car8lage of
developing bone.
Structure - consists of two separate layers: an outer Fbrous layer (dense connec8ve 8ssue
contain collagen type 1, blood vessels & less Fbroblasts) and inner chondrogenic layer
(chondroblasts which synthesize and secrete components of extracellular matrix).
Hyaline car$lage
Structure
Avascular and nourished by the di3usion of nutrients from capillaries in adjacent connec8ve
8ssues (perichondrium) or by synovial ;uid from joint cavi8es.
Cells:
Mesenchymal cells (of connec8ve 8ssue) prolifera8on of chondroblasts (apposi8onal
growth) chondroblasts (found in the chondrogenic layer of the perichondrium, have
ellip8c shape) chondrocytes (round shape) prolifera8on of chondrocytes (inters88al
growth) forma8on of isogenous groups (located in lacunas inside the matrix).
Func8on – synthesis of collagen and other matrix molecules.
Matrix:
Fibers - collagen or elas8c (depends of the type of the car8lage).
ground substance – hyaluronic acid, proteoglycans and small amount of several
glycoproteins.
Perichondrium:
DeFni8on – a layer of dense irregular connec8ve 8ssue that surrounds the car8lage of
developing bone.
Structure - consists of two separate layers: an outer Fbrous layer (dense connec8ve 8ssue
contain collagen type 1, blood vessels & less Fbroblasts) and inner chondrogenic layer
(chondroblasts which synthesize and secrete components of extracellular matrix).
Hyaline car$lage
